Table of Content

30 October 2014, Volume 29 Issue 10

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Orginal Article

Investigation on the application significance on the combined detection of Hcy and RDW CV in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction

LIU Yijun, LIU Hongliang, XU Hong

2014, 29(10):  989-991.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.001

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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the homocysteine (Hcy) and red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW CV) combined detection in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods A total of 55 patients with AMI and 60 patients with pneumonia were enrolled, and 60 healthy subjects were enrolled as control group. The levels of Hcy and RDW CV were determined, and the results were compared. Resutls In AMI group, Hcy and RDW CV were significantly higher than those of pneumonia and control groups (P<0.05). The sensitivity of the combined detection of Hcy and RDW CV in the diagnosis of AMI was 92.0%, the specificity was 86.1%, which were higher than those of the single detections of Hcy and RDW CV (82.6%, 72.8% and 80.0%, 75.3%) (P<0 05). Conclusions The combined detection of Hcy and RDW CV can significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of AMI.

Detection and analysis of plasma D-dimer in healthy pregnant women

WU Li, ZHOU Cai, HUANG Ruiyu, LIU YAN.

2014, 29(10):  992-994.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.002

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Objective To investigate the change characteristics of plasma D-dimer in healthy pregnant women and establish the reference range. Methods A total of 664 healthy pregnant women and 100 healthy women without pregnancy as control group were enrolled, and there were 18 cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or venous thrombosis after delivery. They were classified into 5 groups, pregnancy <20 weeks (127 cases), pregnancy 20-32 weeks (86 cases), pregnancy ≥32 weeks (191 cases), the first postpartum day (130 cases) and the second postpartum day (130 cases). D-dimer concentration was determined by SYSMEX CA7000 automatic coagulation analyzer in order to identify the reference range. Since D-dimer concentration showed non-normal distribution, the normal values were established by percentile (P95). The results of the 18 cases of DIC or venous thrombosis were used to validate the established normal values. Resutls D-dimer concentration increased continually with pregnancy from 20 weeks to 32 weeks, especially after 32 weeks. The reference ranges were <1.54 mg/L, <3.46 mg/L and <4.96 mg/L for pregnancy <20 weeks, 20-32 weeks and ≥32 weeks. D-dimer had a significant change during childbirth, and there was a sharp increasing in the first postpartum day and a significant decline in the second postpartum day recovering to the levels of late pregnancy, which the reference ranges were <11.76 mg/L and <5.87 mg/L, respectively.All groups had statistical significance for D-dimer concentration (P<0.001). The percentages of D-dimer which were lower than conventional critical value to exclude DVT (0.5 mg/L)were 92.3%, 55.1%, 7.0%, 1.0%, 0.2% and 0.7% in control group and 5 groups in pregnancy, respectively. All the 18 cases of DIC or venous thrombosis showed positive results by the above normal values. Conclusions By analyzing the change characteristics of D-dimer in healthy pregnant women, D-dimer reference ranges in healthy pregnant women are established. The D-dimer in middle and late pregnancy is not specific, which can not be as exclusion parameter.

Correlation of the activities of protein C, antithrombin and coagulation factor Ⅷ with the treatment of lung cancer with pulmonary embolism

CHEN Huan, ZHANG Peng, LIU Junfeng

2014, 29(10):  995-999.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.003

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Objective To investigate the correlation of the activities of protein C(PC), antithrombin(AT) and coagulation factor Ⅷ(FⅧ) with the treatment of lung cancer with pulmonary embolism(PE). Methods A total of 98 patients with lung cancer and PE were enrolled as lung cancer with PE group. A total of 100 patients with lung cancer were enrolled as lung cancer group. Their sex and age were recorded, and lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)], total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), C-reactive protein(CRP), thrombin time(TT), platelet (PLT) and fibrinogen(Fbg)in the 2 groups were determined, respectively. PC, AT, FⅧ and D-dimer were determined in lung cancer with PE group after 5-7 d of treatment. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing coagulation-fibrinolysis after 5-7 d of treatment in lung cancer with PE group. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of these factors. Resutls Lp(a), TC, TG and TT in lung cancer with PE group were significantly higher than those in lung cancer group (P<0.05). The levels of PC, AT, FⅧ and D-dimer were significantly higher in lung cancer with PE group than those in lung cancer group (P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis showed that PC, AT and FⅧ were influencing factors of coagulation-fibrinolysis after 5-7 d of treatment in lung cancer with PE group, and the areas under ROC curve were >0.90. Conclusions The influence of PC, AT and FⅧ on coagulation-fibrinolysis should be concerned in midterm treatment of lung cancer with PE, and their activities can be used to assess the therapeutic efficiency and treatment program in a given period.

The clinical significance of serum procalcitonin and high-sensitivity C reactive protein in neonatal pneumonia and sepsis patients

CAO Yanlin, LIU Debei, XIA Xiankao.

2014, 29(10):  1000-1003.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.004

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Objective To assess the clinical significance of serum procalcitonin(PCT) and high-sensitivity C reactive protein(hs-CRP) in neonatal pneumonia and sepsis patients, and to investigate the correlation of the levels of serum PCT and hs-CRP with the severity of neonatal sepsis. Methods A total of 216 neonatal pneumonia patients were enrolled and classified into 3 groups, including 119 cases of non-sepsis, 69 cases of mild sepsis and 28 cases of severe sepsis. The levels of serum PCT and hs-CRP were determined by immunofluorescence and turbidimetric method. By receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the diagnosis significances of PCT and hs-CRP for mild sepsis and severe sepsis with pneumonia were analyzed. Resutls PCT and hs-CRP levels in non-sepsis, mild sepsis and severe sepsis patients increased, and there was statistical significance (P<0.01). The areas under ROC curves of PCT and hs-CRP for the diagnosis of pneumonia with mild sepsis and severe sepsis were 0.853 and 0.772. PCT ≥ 2 ng/mL and hs-CRP ≥ 55 mg/L were optimal cut-off values for the diagnosis of pneumonia with severe sepsis, the sensitivities were 71.43% and 82.14%, and the specificities were 75.00% and 53.57%, respectively. If the combined determination was performed, the sensitivity and specificity were 89.29% and 85.71%. PCT and hs-CRP levels were statistically significant before and after the treatment for neonatal pneumonia and sepsis patients (P<0.05). Conclusions PCT and hs-CRP have high application significance to judge the neonatal pneumonia and sepsis severity, and PCT can reflect the sepsis more clearly than hs-CRP. The combined determination of PCT and hs-CRP has high significance for the early diagnosis, observation of curative effect and prognosis on neonatal pneumonia and sepsis.

Selection of the methods for detecting hepatitis B virus surface antigen in infants of 0-7 d

ZHENG Lan, YANG Haiou, HU Jie, FU Qihua.

2014, 29(10):  1004-1006.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.005

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Objective To investigate the proper method for detecting hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in infants of 0-7 d. Methods A total of 137 serum samples from infants of 0-7 d were collected from Shanghai Children's Medical Center. The 101 of 147 cases had been injected with hepatitis B vaccine, and the other 36 cases had not been injected. Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to detect HBsAg. The bilirubin and hemoglobin were detected simultaneously. All the samples were detected and reviewed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the medical history and the percentage of hepatitis B vaccine injection were analyzed and calculated for false positive rate by correlation analysis. Resutls The 55 cases exhibited positive results in vaccine injection group, and the positive rate was 54.5%. A total of 7 cases in non vaccine injection group showed positive results, and the positive rate was 19.4%. Risk analysis showed that odds ratio (OR) was 4.953 (95% confidence interval: 1.987-12.350). Bilirubin and hemoglobin did not affect the false positivity. All of these false positive samples above were confirmed negatively by ELISA. Conclusions ELISA is the right way to detect HBsAg in infants of 0-7 d. Hepatitis B vaccine injection could result in false positivity by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay, which should be performed after 1 week, and should be repeated if false positive result exhibits.

Investigation on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria from community and hospital acquired blood current infection and their routes of infection

XIONG Yan, ZHANG Hong, CHEN Yantian, RONG Yongzhang

2014, 29(10):  1007-1012.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.006

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Objective To compare the pathogenic bacterium distribution and their drug resistance situations from community and hospital acquired blood current infection, and to investigate their routes of infection. Methods The 351 blood current infection patients were investigated for pathogenic bacterium distribution and drug resistance retrospectively. Resutls A total of 87 strains were isolated from community acquired blood current infection, and 264 strains were isolated from hospital acquired blood current infection. Their positive rates were 6.5% and 13.1%. Both of them were mainly Gram-negative bacilli. The strains resistant to carbapenem were not found. Gram-positive cocci was sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. The pathogenic bacterium distribution from hospital acquired blood current infection and the multi-drug resistance rate were wider and higher than those from community acquired blood current infection. The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (37.9% and 25.0%) from hospital acquired group were higher than those from community acquired group (18.5% and 21.4%). The methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) and Staphylococcus aureus detection rates (77.8% and 45.5%) were higher than those from community acquired group (46.2% and 33.3%). The principal infection routes were intravascular catheter and urethra in hospital acquired group. The principal infection routes in community acquired group were respiratory tract and biliary tract. The pathogenic bacteria from respiratory tract, biliary tract, urethra, peritoneum and intestinal tract as the routes of infection were given priority to Gram-negative bacilli. The routes of infection through skin wound, intravascular catheter and unknown pathway mostly were Gram-positive cocci. Conclusions Generally, the resistance rate of hospital acquired group is higher than that of community acquired group. Based on the routes of infection, carbapenem, vancomycin or linezolid could be chosen, until drug susceptibility tests report.

The role of NT-proBNP in high-risk cardiovascular patients for long-term prognosis

MO Huifang, WU Jiong, SONG Binbin, ZHANG Chunyan, WANG Beili, LIU Xiaowen, GUO Wei, PAN Baishen.

2014, 29(10):  1013-1018.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.007

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Objective To investigate the role of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level for predicting cardiovascular death events in patients with chest distress and chest pain. Methods A total of 288 patients who were going to emergency with chest distress and chest pain were enrolled. The cardiac troponin T, NT-proBNP, C-reactive protein, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A, lipoprotein(a), creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MM were determined. The statistical methods contained t test, rank sum test and Chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed. Resutls The serum NT-proBNP in the cardiovascular death event follow-up group for 3 years was higher than that without events (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that NT-proBNP can be as the prediction risk factor for cardiovascular death events, and the odds ratio was 1.97 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-3.39, P=0.015]. Among the 4 groups which were classified by the quarter level of NT-proBNP, the level of NT-proBNP can also predict the readmission to hospitals in the follow-ups. The level of NT-proBNP was related with ages. The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of NT-proBNP was 0.714 (95%CI: 0.504-0.925), which can be as a predictive parameter for cardiovascular death events. Conclusions The level of NT-proBNP before the treatment can be used to predict the occurrence of cardiovascular death events in high-risk cardiovascular patients.

Observation on the activities of alpha-L-fucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and adenosine deaminase in pregnant women

WANG Weiwei, SUN Weicai, ZHOU Huiyu.

2014, 29(10):  1019-1022.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.008

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Objective To observe the activity changes of alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in pregnant women and their correlations with pregnant period. Methods The activities of AFU, ALP and ADA were determined in 352 pregnant women (210 cases with early-stage pregnancy and 142 cases with late-stage pregnancy) and 322 unpregnant women. Dynamic monitoring was performed (early-stage pregnancy for 14th, 22nd, 30th and 38th weeks, late-stage pregnancy for 38th and 40th weeks and unpregnancy for 8th and 24th weeks after visiting). Resutls ALP and AFU were higher in pregnant group than in unpregnant group (P=0.000). The ADA in unpregnant group was higher than that in pregnant group (P=0.000). ALP and AFU in late-stage pregnancy group were higher than those in early-stage pregnancy group (P=0.000), but there was no statistical significance for ADA between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The dynamic monitoring for early-stage pregnancy group showed that AFU and ALP increased with the pregnancy, but there was no change for ADA. There was no statistical significance of AFU, ALP and ADA in late-stage pregnancy group between the 38th week and the 40th week (P>0.05). Dynamic monitoring showed that ALP and ADA in 8th week after visiting were different from the beginning (P=0.000), and there was statistical significance for ADA in the 24th week after visiting. Compared with the 8th week after visiting, there were statistical significance for ALP, AFU and ADA in the 24th week after visiting(P<0.05). Conclusions The serum AFU and ALP in pregnant women increase significantly, and there is relationship with pregnancy.

Study on the correlation between the levels of serum and urine trace element of chromium with type 2 diabetic nephropathy

LIU Junfeng, JU Ping, HUANG Juan.

2014, 29(10):  1023-1027.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.009

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Objective To investigate the levels of serum and urine trace element of chromium (Cr) and its correlation with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods The study enrolled 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (T2DM group), 30 patients with DN (DN group) and 30 healthy subjects (healthy control group). Serum and urine Cr³⁺ and Cr⁶⁺ levels were determined by magnetic nanoparticle (Fe₃O₄ @ZrO₂) combining magnetic solid-phase extraction-flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Serum insulin (INS) and C peptide were detected by radioimmunoassay method. Serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), fasting blood glucose(FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin A_1c (HbA_1c), creatinine(SCr),urea nitrogen(BUN), cystatin C(Cys C) and microalbumin (mAlb) were detected. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD). Resutls The level of serum Cr³⁺ in DN group was significantly lower than those in T2DM and healthy control group(P<0.01). However, urine Cr³⁺ level was significantly higher than those in T2DM and healthy control group(P<0.01). The level of serum Cr⁶⁺ in DN group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group (P<0.01), and there was no statistical significance with that in T2DM group (P>0.05). In T2DM group, serum Cr³⁺ level was lower than that in healthy control group (P<0.01), and urine Cr³⁺ and serum Cr⁶⁺ levels were higher than those in healthy control group (P<0.01). Between DN and T2DM groups, the level of serum Cr³⁺ had positive correlation with eGFR(r=0.088, P<0.05; r=0.146, P<0.01), and there were negative correlations with HbA_1c, FBG, Cys C, SCr and mAlb(T2DM group: r=-0.098,-0.103,-0.154,-0.127 and -0.355,P<0.05; DN group: r=-0.106, -0.107, -0.195, -0.150 and -0.447, P<0.05). There was no correlation with TC, TG and BUN(T2DM group: r=0.010, 0.011 and 0.044, P>0.05; DN group: r=0.010, 0.010 and 0.049,P>0.05). Conclusions The level of serum Cr in DN group has varying degrees of reduction, but urine Cr increases. Trace element Cr has correlation with kidney injury in T2DM patients.

Clinical application of homocysteine and vascular endothelial function determinations in cerebral infarction

LI Yuanyuan, WANG Qi.

2014, 29(10):  1028-1030.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.010

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Objective To observe serum homocysteine (Hcy) and vascular endothelial function parameters such as endothelin-1(ET-1), nitric oxide(NO)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in cerebral infarction patients, and to investigate the relationship with cerebral infarction and the clinical application significance. Methods The levels of serum Hcy, NO, ET-1 and VEGF were determined in 90 patients with cerebral infarction (cerebral infarction group) and 80 healthy subjects (healthy control group). The abnormal determination rate was calculated, and the results were analyzed comparatively. Resutls The levels of serum Hcy, ET-1 and VEGF increased significantly in cerebral infarction group compared with those in healthy control group(P<0.05), but NO level decreased significantly (P<0.05). The abnormal determination rates of serum Hcy, NO, ET-1 and VEGF in cerebral infarction group were higher than those in healthy control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Hcy and vascular endothelial function parameters are related to cerebral infarction.

Clinical application significance of serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein combined determination

FEI Fengying, YI Ping, LIN Jianmin.

2014, 29(10):  1031-1033.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.011

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Objective To evaluate the clinical application significance of the combined determination of serum amyloid A (SAA) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods The levels of serum SAA and CRP in 82 inflammatory disease patients (15 cases of pneumonia, 23 cases of acute bronchitis, 17 cases of acute appendicitis, 16 cases of acute cholecystitis and 11 cases of pancreatitis) and 92 healthy controls were determined by colloidal gold method and immunoturbidimetry, respectively. Their concentration median and positive determination rate were analyzed comparatively between the 2 groups. Resutls The serum SAA and CRP medians in inflammatory disease group were 149.50 mg/L and 34.20 mg/L, respectively, which were obviously higher than those in healthy control group (4.60 mg/L and 3.82 mg/L). There was a statistical significance between the 2 groups (P<0.05). The positive determination rates of serum SAA and CRP in inflammatory disease group were 87.80% and 79.26%, respectively. Conclusions SAA has the same trend with CRP when inflammatory disease happens, and shows a more sensitive performance than CRP. SAA and CRP can be used as meaningful markers for monitoring inflammation. The combined determination of SAA and CRP could improve the determination rate of inflammatory disease, which provides a more sensitive reference for diagnosis.

The changes of serum alpha2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein level and its correlation with CRP in patients with diabetic retinopathy

ZHOU Zhongwei, SUN Mingzhong, JU Huixiang, JI Yuqiao, GU Juan, JI Fei, DING Fuwan, JIANG Dongmei

2014, 29(10):  1034-1036.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.012

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Objective To investigate the changes of serum alpha2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein(AHSG)level and its correlation with C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods Serum levels of AHSG and CRP were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 115 type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients, and the 115 T2DM patients were classified into 3 groups, 46 patients with non-diabetic retinopathy(NDR), 37 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 32 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). A total of 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Resutls The serum levels of AHSG and CRP in NDR group, NPDR group and PDR group were higher than that in healthy control group, and there was statistical significance among the groups(P<0.05, P<0.01). Serum AHSG level in T2DM patients was positively correlated with CRP (r=0.239, P<0.05). Conclusions The increasing of AHSG level is correlated with the severity of DR, and it may be involved in the development and pathogenesis of DR by proinflammatory effects.

Primary evaluation of molecular hybridization method for the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium

YU Xia, SHANG Yuanyuan, ZHAO Liping, DONG Lingling, MA Yifeng, WANG Xiaobo, HUANG Hairong.

2014, 29(10):  1037-1040.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.013

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Objective To evaluate the accuracy of Mycobacterial species identification kit (molecular hybridization method), and to investigate the rapid and accurate approaches for the identification of mixed infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium(NTM). Methods A total of 200 clinical Mycobacterium isolates were identified by molecular hybridization method. The mixed infection was simulated by the mixture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium intracellular, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium fortuitum. The gene sequencing, gene chip array and Hain test were used to evaluate the accuracy of Mycobacterium-mixed infection. Resutls As reference to pnitrobenzoic acid(PNB) tests, the sensitivity and specificity of molecular hybridization method were 65.12%(65/86) and 98.25%(112/114), respectively. Among 13 different proportions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and NTM, gene chip array and Hain test accurately detected all of the mixed infections. Gene sequencing can only detect the mixed infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium fortuitum at a range from 10% to 90%. Conclusions The specificity of molecular hybridization method for the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is high. The kit following the method for NTM has a significant diagnosis value. Once the mixed infection is identified in the culture, gene chip array and Hain test can identify the species of mixed culture for the common pathogenic Mycobacterium.

Research on the HBV mutational pattern and genotypes among Han and Uighur populations in Xinjiang

ZHANG Jinghao, WANG Jialu, ZHAO Hu

2014, 29(10):  1041-1044.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.014

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Objective To investigate the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutational pattern and genotypes among chronic hepatitis B patients in Xinjiang. Methods Genotyping of 245 HBV DNA positive samples was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Lamivudine and adefovir associated resistant sites (180, 204, 181 and 236 sites) were analyzed by gene chips. Resutls There were 40 cases of HBV genotype B, 137 cases of HBV genotype C, 48 cases of HBV genotype C/D and 20 cases of other HBV genotype among the 245 chronic hepatitis B patients. The distribution was not significant statistically in different sex and ages (χ²=1.791, P=0.617; χ²=14.214, P=0.115), but there was statistical significance in different ethnicities(χ²=83.076, P=0.000). The mutational detection rates for HBV at 180, 204, 181 and 236 sites were 33.8%, 76.8%, 66.9% and 45.0%, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The distribution of HBV genotypes among the common mutational pattern had no statistical difference(χ²=14.969, P=0.454), but HBV genotype C showed the highest proportion among the common mutational pattern. Conclusions HBV genotypes have different distribution in different ethnicities. The mutational information in common resistant sites is different. The distribution of HBV genotypes is not different in common mutational pattern.

Primary research on a hepatitis B virus marker external quality assessment material being prepared by animal serum instead of human serum

SHAO Weijie, LU Yinhua, ZHANG Jian, ZHU Lingfeng, ZHU Yuqing, JIANG Lingli, XIAO Yanqun, JIAN Minhua, CHEN Huiying.

2014, 29(10):  1045-1048.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.015

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Objective To try to use fetal calf serum (FCS) to prepare hepatitis B virus (HBV) marker external quality assessment material instead of human serum. Methods FCS was used as matrix, and human serum high-level HBV marker external quality assessment material was diluted. The matrix efficiency, interchangeability, homogeneity, stability and clinical application significance were evaluated. Resutls For the interchangeability of the 2 determination methods, the results were within 95% confidence interval, and the correlation was good. F values were all <cut-off value of F (3.02) by Abbott i1000 for 5 HBV parameters [hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (HBsAb), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), anti-hepatitis B e antigen antibody (HBeAb) and anti-hepatitis B core antigen antibody (HBcAb)]. The stability was good above 1 month when storing under -20℃ and 4 ℃. The coefficients of variation (CV) for HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb were 7.60%, 7.79%, 6.37%, 13.30% and 3.61% by 20 laboratories using Abbott i2000, and were 11.67%, 14.72%, 9.11%, 12.30% and 9.75% by 20 laboratories using KHB reagents. Conclusions When using FCS as matrix, the interchangeability, homogeneity and stability meet the requirements of external quality assessment, and FCS can be used as matrix for the preparation of HBV marker external quality assessment material primarily.

The role of polyfunctional T cells in infection control

QIAO Dan, WU Wenjuan

2014, 29(10):  1059-1063.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.019

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Polyfunctional T cells can secrete a variety of cytokines and have the ability of proliferation, which are strong in the control of chronic infection. The quality of T cell response has a key role in the prognosis of a variety of infectious diseases. Understanding the different T cell subsets, especially the changes of antigen-specific T cell subsets in amount and function, it is crucial for the diagnosis and prognosis of infectious diseases and for the design of various infections and cancer preventive or therapeutic vaccine.

Research advancement in the molecular regulation mechanism on the expression of chromosomally-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase

ZHAO Fuju，ZHAO Hu.

2014, 29(10):  1064-1068.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.020

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Bacterial resistance to beta-lactamase antibiotics through producing beta-lactamase has become a worldwide healthy care problem. AmpC beta-lactamase (AmpC) is a major one of beta-lactamases. Extensive research has focused on the molecular regulation mechanism pertaining to induction. The recent researches on the regulation mechanism about the expression of chromosomally-mediated AmpC are reviewed.

Application of laboratory tests in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C

GUO Wei，PAN Baishen.

2014, 29(10):  1069-1073.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2014.10.021

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has become one of the serious public healthy problems, and it is estimated that about 170 to 200 million people infect with HCV around the world. The number of infections in China has exceeded 40 million, accounting for a quarter of the world's number. The related mortalities including hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma will also increase dramatically during the next 20 years in the future. HCV mutates more frequently than hepatitis B virus (HBV). Therefore, no protective vaccine is presently available for HCV in clinic. For this reason, diagnosing active HCV infection will be crucial to slowing its spread. In this review, we discuss laboratory tests used for screening HCV infection, as well as for patient efficiency monitoring.