Laboratory Medicine ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 224-228.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2020.03.007

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Laboratory examination results and clinical characteristics of 28 cases of IgD multiple myeloma

ZHENG Wei1, LU Jie2, GUI Qingrong2, WANG Dongyun3()   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xiangyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Xiangyang 441000,Hubei,China
    2. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430000,Hubei,China
    3. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xiangyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Xiangyang 441000,Hubei,China
  • Received:2019-04-07 Online:2020-03-30 Published:2020-04-17
  • Contact: WANG Dongyun

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristic and laboratory examination results of IgD multiple myeloma(MM). Methods The clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results of 28 patients with IgD MM were analyzed retrospectively,which were compared with those of IgG MM. Results Among the 28 cases of IgD MM,there were 3 cases of IgD-κ type and 25 cases of IgD-λ type. There was no statistical significance for blood routine test(hemoglobin,red blood cell,white blood cell and platelet) and serum calcium between IgD MM and IgG MM(P>0.05). The levels of urea,creatinine and albumin in patients with IgD MM were higher than those in patients with IgG MM(P<0.05),and the levels of total protein,IgA,IgG and IgM were lower than those in patients with IgG MM (P<0.05). There was statistical significance in total light chain,free light chain,free light chain κ/λ ratio and urine total light chain,urine total light chain κ/λ ratio between IgD MM and IgG MM(P<0.05). Among the 28 IgD MM patients,21(75%) cases were found to be Bence-Jones proteins positive in urine. The MM genotype of IgD type mostly showed 1q21 amplification. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of IgD MM are lack of specificity,which requires comprehensive laboratory examination,including the quantitative determination of immunoglobulin,immunofixation electrophoresis,morphological analysis of bone marrow cells,gene determination and so on,in order to improve the diagnosis rate.

Key words: Multiple myeloma, IgD type, Immunofixation electrophoresis, M protein, Bence-Jones protein

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