中性粒细胞胞外陷阱在溃疡性结肠炎中的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2020.06.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种以肠道慢性炎症性病变为主要特征的自身免疫性疾病,发病率在全球逐年上升,其病因涉及遗传、环境等多种因素,目前发病机制尚不完全明确。中性粒细胞在人体免疫应答中扮演着至关重要的角色,是机体发生感染时迁徙到炎症部位的第一批免疫细胞。传统观念认为中性粒细胞通过趋化、吞噬、脱颗粒等一系列作用抵御病原微生物入侵,随着研究的深入,发现中性粒细胞还存在另一种特殊形式的免疫应答,即通过产生中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NET）参与机体的免疫防御。NET不仅在机体感染过程中发挥重要防御作用,似乎也与包括自身免疫性疾病在内的多种疾病的发生、发展有关。进一步探索NET与自身免疫疾性病发生、发展的关系,有助于更深入了解自身免疫性疾病的病因及发病机制。文章对NET在UC发病中的相关研究进行综述,以期为寻求UC治疗靶点提供理论支持。

关键词: 溃疡性结肠炎, 中性粒细胞, 中性粒细胞胞外陷阱, 自身免疫性疾病

Abstract:

Ulcerative colitis（UC） is an autoimmune disease associated with chronic bowel inflammation,the pathogenesis of UC is unclear,but its etiology is multifactorial,and the incidence of UC is increasing. Neutrophil granulocytes play roles in the immune response of humans and are the first cells to migrate to the site of inflammation. Traditionally,neutrophils defend the host against pathogens,the important functions of neutrophils include chemotaxis,phagocytosis and degranulation. Recent massive data support that neutrophils were found to have a specific mechanism of immune defense by forming neutrophil extracellular traps（NET）. NET not only play a defense reaction but also are related to the pathogenesis of various kinds of diseases,including autoimmune diseases. Investigating the relationship of NET in the development of autoimmune diseases will further help with understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on the role of NET in the pathogenesis of UC,in order to provide a reference for the therapy and diagnosis of UC.

Key words: Ulcerative colitis, Neutrophil, Neutrophil extracellular trap, Autoimmune disease

中图分类号:

R446.1

罗婷, 潘秀军. 中性粒细胞胞外陷阱在溃疡性结肠炎中的研究进展[J]. 检验医学, 2020, 35(6): 626-630.

LUO Ting, PAN Xiujun. Research progress on neutrophil extracellular traps in ulcerative colitis[J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2020, 35(6): 626-630.

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