Table of Content

20 January 2012, Volume 27 Issue 1

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Comparison research of ArrayELISA and ECLIA in determination of six tumor markers in serum

CHEN Qubo;HUANG Wujiao;LI Cuicui;JIANG Li;DING Haiming;XIAO Qian;HUANG Sudan

2012, 27(1):  4-7. 

Asbtract ( 1645 )   HTML   PDF (605KB) ( 961 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To analyze and evaluate the clinical application of tumor marker detection kit ［microarray enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ArrayELISA)］ in determining 6 tumor markers.  Methods　Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA) analyzer was used to detect 6 clinically common tumor markers: alpha fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）, prostate specific antigen（PSA）, carbohydrate antigen 125（CA125）, carbohydrate antigen 199（CA199） and carbohydrate antigen 153（CA153）. The receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was evaluated.  Results　There were no significant differences in the positive rates of AFP, CEA, PSA and CA125 by the 2 methods（P>0.05），while the positive rates of CA199 and CA153 had statistical significance (P<0.01). The determination results of AFP, CEA, PSA, CA125 and CA199 by the 2 methods showed high total coincidence rate (>85%)，and the total coincidence rate of CA153 was   61.1%. The correlation was significant ［P<0.01, correlation coefficient (r)=0.6950.960］, and areas under ROC curves of AFP, CEA, PSA, CA125 and CA199 were 0.620.99. The area under ROC curve of CA153 by ArrayELISA was lower than that of ECLIA in the diagnosis of breast carcinoma.  Conclusions　Both ArrayELISA and ECLIA show good coincidence in detecting the 6 tumor markers, and ArrayELISA could be introduced for clinical routine examination and screening testing of determining 6 tumor markers. 

Clinical significance of thyroid hormone monitoring in patients with advanced schistosomiasis

LIU Qiufang;TANG Juan;HUA Wei;ZHOU Xiaoyun;TU Meiling

2012, 27(1):  8-11. 

Asbtract ( 978 )   HTML   PDF (610KB) ( 496 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To observe the changes of serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), reverse T3 （rT3） and the ratios of T3/rT3 and T4/rT3 in advanced schistosomiasis patients, and evaluate the prognostic values.   Methods　According to the ratios of urinary sodium， 138 patients with advanced schistosomiasis were classified into minor grade （35 mmol/d, 85 cases）， moderate grade （1030 mmol/d, 27 cases） and severe grade （＜10 mmol/d, 26 cases）. By radioimmunoassay， the levels of T3， T4 and rT3 in advanced schistosomiasis patients were measured before and after therapy， and the results were compared with those of 30 healthy controls. The T3/rT3 ratio and T4/rT3 ratio were also calculated. Hepatic function indices ［total bilirubin（TBil）， total protein（TP）， albumin（Alb）and alanine aminotransferase（ALT）］ were detected simultaneously. The relationship of the correlation and prognosis of compensatory mechanism was analyzed.  Results　The levels of T3 and T4 in the minor grade group were lower than those in healthy controls（P<0.05）， and the levels of T3 and T4 in the moderate grade and severe grade groups decreased sharply（P<0.01,P<0.001）. The level of rT3 in patients with advanced schistosomiasis was higher than that in the healthy controls， and the levels of rT3 in moderate grade and severe grade groups increased significantly （P<0.001）. The ratios of T3/rT3 and T4/rT3 increased gradually with the severity of grade（minor grade， moderate grade and severe grade, P<0.01,P<0.001). The ratios of T3/rT3 and T4/rT3 in 26 severe grade patients with refractory ascites were lower than those with uncomplicated ascites（P<0.001）. When discharging from the hospital， the ratios of T3/rT3 and T4/rT3 in patients with uncomplicated ascites increased significantly（P<0.05）， while those with refractory ascites had a downward tendency， indicating the poor prognosis. The ratios of T3/rT3 and T4/rT3 in 26 severe grade patients were dynamically monitored， including 19 cured patients gradually recovering with time， 4 patients showing a decrease trend with the progression of the disease， and 3 cases of deaths going down and reaching the minimum value （0.10±0.05）. Conclusions　The ratios of T3/rT3 and T4/rT3 in advanced schistosomiasis patients are sensitive indicators for liver function lesion， especially for monitoring the prognosis dynamically in patients with advanced schistosomiasis. 

Significance on the detection of Pselectin on platelet surface before percutaneous coronary intervention

RAO Hui;ZHAO Hui;LI Bin;RUN Yuanmin

2012, 27(1):  12-14. 

Asbtract ( 1094 )   HTML   PDF (632KB) ( 517 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To investigate the Pselectin expression on platelet surface and the correlation between platelet Pselectin and platelet aggregation function before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).   Methods　A total of 51 patients with coronary heart disease undergoing PCI， including 9 cases of ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE ACS)， 36 cases of nonST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE ACS) and 6 cases of stable angina(SA), and 14 healthy subjects were as controls. Platelet Pselectin and platelet aggregation function were determined by whole blood flow cytometric assay and light transmittance aggregometry，respectively.  Results　There were significant differences in the platelet Pselectin among all groups（F=16.915，P=0.001）. STE ACS patients had significantly elevated levels of platelet Pselectin comparing with the other groups(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance among NSTE ACS, SA and control groups. No significant correlation was identified between the platelet Pselectin and adenosine diphosphate and arachidonic acidinduced maximal platelet aggregation (r=0.038，P>0.05; r=0.165，P>  0.05). Conclusions　The elevated platelet Pselectin expression is likely correlated with STE ACS. Combining with platelet aggregation test， the detection of platelet Pselectin may be a valid tool to assess posttreatment platelet activity. 

Research on the correlation of serous membrane cavity exfoliative cytology examination and tumor marker levels

GAO Shenghai;TANG Gusheng;ZHOU Daoyin;XIA Xiaodong

2012, 27(1):  15-17. 

Asbtract ( 1077 )   HTML   PDF (598KB) ( 701 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To investigate the relationship between the detection results of exfoliative cytology and tumor markers when serous membranes were encroached by malignant tumor cells.   Methods　An analysis was performed on the results of exfoliative cytology examination and tumor marker levels in serum and serous membrane cavity effusion among 158 patients with definite history of malignant tumors. The patients were classified into 2 groups according to the positive or negtive detection of tumor cells.  Results　Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (  CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) levels were significantly higher in serous membrane cavity effusion ［  294.85(6.031 000.00)μg/L, 367.00(8.821 000.00) kU/L and 3 435.00(922.20~5 000.00) kU/L］ than those in sera ［9.98(0.481 000.00)μg/L, 23.76(0.661 000.00) kU/L and   90.55(47.211 796.00) kU/L］ in patients with malignant tumor cell group (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in patients without malignant tumor cell group ［1.67(0.20373.08)μg/L, 13.13(4.34725.10) kU/L and 11.23(6.83172.50) kU/L in serous membrane cavity effusion; 2.69(0.20110.90) μg/L, 31.22(6.701 000.00) kU/L and 19.32(17.20491.10) kU/L in sera, P>0.05］. A statistical significance of CEA, CA199 and CA125 levels were further disclosed between the patients with and without malignant tumor cells in their serous membrane cavity effusions (P<0.01). As concern to the classification of nucleated cells in patients with malignant tumor cell group, the patients with >50% lymphocytes accounted for 61.4% (70/114), while the patients with >25% macrophages accounted for 42.1% (48/114). Conclusions　The infiltration of malignant tumor cells on serous membrane cavity membrane induces the increasing levels of tumor markers and aggregation of lymphocytes and macrophages in the serous membrane cavity effusion. 

Application of iQ200 automated urinary sediment analyzer in detection of cast

FAN Xiaoxia;WU Fei;ZHONG Renqian

2012, 27(1):  18-20. 

Asbtract ( 1657 )   HTML   PDF (594KB) ( 809 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To investigate the application value of iQ200 automated urinary sediment analyzer in detection of cast.  Methods　A total of 76 samples detected by iQ200 analyzer with cast positive result were amended by the image and were affirmed by manual microscopy. Results　Among the 76 samples， 57 were positive after amendment， and 52 were positive after affirmation by manual microscopy. The false positive rate of the results detected by iQ200 analyzer before amendment was 31.58%， and then was 8.77% after amendment according to the results detected by manual microscopy.  Conclusions　The false positive rate of iQ200 analyzer is high because of the limit of detection principle and technology and the interference by other components in urine. When cast is found in urine by iQ200 analyzer， the image information should be checked again, and the microscopy should be used for affirmation and classification. 

Methodology establishment of twotailed comet assay for sperm DNA integrity detection

CHEN Jianwei;ZHANG Xiaoxia;CUI Yun

2012, 27(1):  21-25. 

Asbtract ( 1262 )   HTML   PDF (797KB) ( 854 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To establish twotailed comet assay methodology for sperm DNA integrity detection and analyze the type of sperm DNA damage.   Methods　The neutral and alkaline twophase single cell gel electrophoresis was used to detect sperm DNA damage.  Results　After the twotailed comet assay, 9 kinds of comet forms were obtained, which representing the 9 kinds of sperm DNA damage types. H   2O   2 and AluI restriction endonucleases were used to induce singlestrand DNA and doublestrand DNA productions. With the increasing concentration of H   2O   2, the singlestrand DNA breaks gradually increased. By the microscopy, the number of comet tail in Y axis gradually increased, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). With AluI digestion time extending, the doublestrand DNA breaks increased. By the microscopy, the number of comet tail in X axis increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In addition, the singlestrand break DNA fragmentation indices (SSBDFI) in male infertility group and normal fertility group had no significant difference. The doublestrand break DNA fragmentation index (DSBDFI) in male infertility group was significantly higher than that in normal fertility group (P<0.05).  Conclusions　Twotailed comet assay could distinguish sperm DNA damage which is singlestrand break or doublestrand break, and it maybe provide a deeper and stronger laboratory evidence for male fertility.

The significance of PIK3CA gene G1876A mutation in colon carcinoma

LU Xingre;WEN Baiping;DAI Hongjian;GAO Shiping;LIU Xiaowen

2012, 27(1):  26-29. 

Asbtract ( 1117 )   HTML   PDF (822KB) ( 621 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To detect the mutations of phosphatidylinositol 3kinase catalytic alpha polypeptide (PIK3CA) gene in colon carcinoma, and analyze the relation and significance with computerized tomography (CT) stages.   Methods　The tumor tissues (78 cases) and tumoradjacent tissues (30 cases) of colon carcinoma were collected. The exon 12 and exon 20 of PIK3CA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and examined by singlestrand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequenced. With the CT stages, the data of Dukes stage were analyzed.  Results　In tumor tissues, after the SSCP examination and sequencing, there was no mutation happened in the exon 20, and there were 16(20.51%) cases of the exon 12, which all changed with G1876A mutation in Dukes A stage and B stage. In contrast， all the tumoradjacent tissue cases were not found mutation in exon 12 and exon 20.  Conclusions　The mutation G1876A of PIK3CA gene plays an important role in the genesis of colon carcinoma, and it is useful to analyze and diagnose early colon carcinoma by the detection of exon 12. 

Association between male hyperuricemia patients in Shanghai and polymorphisms of URAT1 gene

WANG Ying;SHI Xueying;GAO Yong

2012, 27(1):  30-33. 

Asbtract ( 1222 )   HTML   PDF (662KB) ( 654 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To investigate the human urate transporter 1 (URAT1) gene rs893006 polymorphism by unlabeled probe technology and the association of genotypes and parameters in hyperuricemia of male Han people in Shanghai.   Methods　A total of 180 patients with primary gout and 260 healthy male subjects were enrolled to this study. Body mass index， blood pressure， serum uric acid， blood glucose， blood lipid ［total cholesterol (TC) and triglyeride (TG)］ and creatinine were determined. DNA was purified from peripheral blood, and rs893006 polymorphism was determined by unlabeled probe technology followed with sequencing analysis.  Results　GG， GT and TT genotypes were unambiguously distinguished by unlabeled probe technology, and the results were consistent with sequencing. The genotype frequencies of GG， GT， and TT in gout patients and healthy controls were 53.9%， 39.4%， 6.7% and 55.8%， 32.6%，11.6%， respectively. There were no significant differences in distribution of genotype and allele frequencies between gout patients and healthy controls. No statistical significance among the groups was found concerning body mass index， blood pressure， creatinine， TC and TG. However, serum uric acid levels in the TT genotype ［（274.00±26.00) μmol/L］ were significantly lower than those in the GT ［（346.00±32.00) μmol/L］ and GG genotypes ［(438.00±37.00) μmol/L］.  Conclusions　Unlabeled probe technology is a simple， rapid and accurate assay for genotyping the URAT1 gene. The rs893006 polymorphism in SLC22A12 gene was confirmed to be a genetic risk for hyperuricemia among male Han people.

The biosafety evaluation of ABSL3 lab during Mycobacterium tuberculosis animal model construction experiments

ZHU Zhaoqin;FAN Qiwen;HU Xiangnan;LIU Fang;GUO Jian;ZAI Shubei;YANG Hua;SONG Zhigang;WU Wenjuan

2012, 27(1):  34-38. 

Asbtract ( 1158 )   HTML   PDF (1015KB) ( 738 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To monitor the sampling process of animal biosafety level 3 (ABSL-3) lab during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) animal model construction experiments, and provide basis for biosafety evaluation of ABSL-3 lab.   Methods　During the process of MTB model construction， air samples and facility surface samples were collected from the authorized ABSL-3 lab by China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS). The rapid molecule technology and traditional pathogenic method were used in samples′ specificity detection.  Results　General environmental microbes could be tested in biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) lab，but the core room was cleaner than preparing room most probably because of the negative air pressure and high cleaning frequency. The 70% alcohol can reduce general bacterium detection rate from 59.26% to 9.38%, from 6.59% to 1.52% in preparing room and from 10.99% to 0 in core room. The MTB aerosol contamination was not detected in ABSL-3 and biohazard safety equipment under dual negative pressure.  Conclusions　The appropriate negative air pressure and proper use of biosafety cabinet sterilization measures could help to avoid MTB contamination and ensure the biosafety of ABSL-3 lab.

The distribution and prevalence characteristics of ESBLs and plasmidmediated AmpC genes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa

HOU Jiahui;TONG Yu;FEI Jingxian;GUO Meiyan;ZHAO Yujie;BAO Qiyu;ZHOU Tieli

2012, 27(1):  39-43. 

Asbtract ( 1443 )   HTML   PDF (769KB) ( 573 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To investigate the distribution and prevalence characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmidmediated AmpC genes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and provide the reference for monitoring the drug resistance.  Methods　Retrospective survey was performed to get the information of the distribution and resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa during 5 years. A total of 169 isolates were collected at the same period of each year. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the genes of betalactamases including TEM，SHV，VEB，PER，GES，TLA，IBC，CTXM and OXA and the AmpC genes， and the homology of the isolates was identified by the pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE).  Results　Most isolates were from respiratory tract specimens (sputum) which accounted for 75.7%. A high resistance rate of compound sulfamethoxazole and ceftriaxone among Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified， which was up to 91.9% and 91.7%. The resistance rates of ceftazidime， imipenem， levofloxacin， ciprofloxacin and amikacin were 46.7%， 38.2%， 30.2%， 28.3% and 5.0%， respectively . Among the 169 isolates, the production genes of betalactamase TEM, CTXM, OXA and GES and AmpC were 49.7% (84 isolates) and 13.6% (23 isolates)， respectively. PFGE showed that there were 3 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with homology and crosstransmission.  Conclusions　The prevalence of ESBLs and AmpC among Pseudomonas aeruginosa is high. They are mostly multiresistant isolates, and that also exists the phenomenon of the crosstransmission.

The relationship of gastrointestinal state and plasma ammonia in cirrhosis patients

HE Yong;GAO Baoxiu;YANG Zhengbing;NIE Xin;LI Guixing;YU Ting;XU Jing;SONG Haolan

2012, 27(1):  44-47. 

Asbtract ( 1087 )   HTML   PDF (618KB) ( 662 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To study the changes on plasma ammonia among cirrhosis patients who had gastrointestinal symptoms before and after acidification intestinal treatment， investigate the relationship of gastrointestinal state and plasma ammonia among cirrhosis patients， and find an effective method to reduce plasma ammonia.   Methods　The fast plasma ammonia levels were detected among 195 cirrhosis patients (including 100 patients with just cirrhosis， 52 cirrhosis patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and 43 cirrhosis patients with constipation)， 50 patients with just intestinal obstruction， 113 patients with just gastrointestinal hemorrhage and 80 healthy subjects. The plasma ammonia levels were compared， and the changes on plasma ammonia levels before and after acidification intestinal treatment were analyzed in cirrhosis patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and (or) constipation.  Results　Plasma ammonia level among cirrhosis patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage was (67.71±30.31) μmol/L， which was higher than those of patients with just cirrhosis ［(45.81±28.78) μmol/L］， patients with just gastrointestinal hemorrhage ［(24.85±  10.79) μmol/L］ and the healthy controls ［(22.42±7.93) μmol/L］ (P<0.05). The plasma ammonia level of cirrhosis patients with constipation was (95.53±42.61) μmol/L， which was higher than those of patients with just cirrhosis， cirrhosis patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and patients with just intestinal obstruction ［(24.90±  11.02) μmol/L］ (P<0.05). The plasma ammonia level of patients with just cirrhosis were higher than those of patients with just gastrointestinal hemorrhage, patients with just intestinal obstruction and healthy subjects (P<0.05), while the plasma ammonia levels among patients with just intestinal gastrointestinal hemorrhage， patients with just obstruction and the healthy subjects showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The plasma ammonia levels of cirrhosis patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and (or) constipation before the treatment was (83.28±  37.93) μmol/L， which was higher than the level after the treatment ［(50.89±19.58) μmol/L］ (P<0.05).  Conclusions　Gastrointestinal state is closely related with plasma ammonia levels in cirrhosis patients. Stopping gastrointestinal hemorrhage， acidizing gut and using antibiotic drugs could inhibit the production and absorption of ammonia， and those are effective ways to reduce plasma ammonia levels and to prevent and treat hepatic encephalopathy.

Relationship between serum free fatty acid and insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

LI Xinzheng;CHEN Baobing;KANG Yunping

2012, 27(1):  48-49. 

Asbtract ( 1143 )   HTML   PDF (592KB) ( 623 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To investigate the relationship between serum free fatty acid (FFA) and insulin resistance （IR） in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).  Methods　A total of 118 patients with NAFLD and 103 healthy subjects were enrolled as NAFLD group and control group. Their serum FFA were measured，and homeostasis model assessmentinsulin resistance (HOMAIR) indices were calculated.  Results　The level of serum FFA was (752.50±101.42) μmol/L, and HOMA-IR was 1.48±0.42 in NAFLD group. The levels of serum FFA and HOMAIR were higher than those in control group ［(441.75±95.64) μmol/L,0.67±0.33］ (P<0.01).Serum FFA level was positively correlated with HOMAIR in NAFLD group (r=0.325，P<0.05). Conclusions　FFA is closely associated with NAFLD, and IR may play a role in the pathogenesis of FFA to NAFLD.

Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis analysis for VLDLinduced THP-1 foam cell formation

LU Yanjun;TIAN Jun;DI Yong;ZONG Yiqiang

2012, 27(1):  50-56. 

Asbtract ( 1173 )   HTML   PDF (855KB) ( 567 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To search for the key protein in the process of THP-1 foam cell formation induced by very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) through using twodimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) analysis and analyze the mechanism of foam cell.  Methods　The macrophage differentiation from THP-1 cells induced by phorbol ester (PMA)， incubated with phosphate buffer（PBS）as control group and incubated with VLDL as experimental group， respectively. After the extraction of total cellular protein labeled with fluorescent dye CY3 and CY5， the mixture of all samples were equalled as an "internal standard"， labeled with CY2 . The mixture of experimental group, control group and the internal standard was analyzed by DIGE and matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The 3 protein （adipose differentiationrelated protein，enolase 1 and phosphoglycerate mutase 1） mRNA changes were analyzed with reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Results　Compared the experimental group with control group， there were 34 protein spots up regulated >1.2 times, and 48 protein spots down regulated >1.2 times. A total of 14 protein spots defined as "significant spots" were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. The expressions of adipose differentiationrelated protein，heat shock 27kDa protein 1， threedimensional structure of human electron transfer flavoprotein to 2.1 A resolution-Chain A， S100 calcium binding protein A11， peroxiredoxin 3-isoform CRA_c， ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein I， peroxisomal enoyl-coenzyme A hydratase-like protein and fumarate hydrataseisoform CRA_d were increased. The expressions of enolase 1，phosphoglycerate mutase 1，cyclophilin A complexed with dipeptide Gly-Pro，DMGDH protein， heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Lisoform CRA_a and fructosamine 3 kinaseisoform CRA_b were decreased. The mRNA expression of adipose differentiation-related protein was increased, and the mRNA expressions of enolase 1 and phosphoglycerate mutase 1 were decreased obviously with the levels of proteins. Conclusions　DIGE has revealed a whole change in the process of VLDLinduced foam cell formation，and the protein identified may play an important role in the process， which as the ground work for clarifying the mechanism of VLDL-induced foam cell formation.

Clinical significance of serum pepsinogen determination in the diagnosis of various gastric diseases

FEI Fengying;WANG Jinjin;ZHU Xinhua;GONG Qian;LIN Jianmin

2012, 27(1):  57-59. 

Asbtract ( 1857 )   HTML   PDF (595KB) ( 1383 )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective　To study the relationship between serum pepsinogen (PG) Ⅰ/PGⅡ ratio with various gastric diseases, and provide the reference for screening in the early diagnosis of gastric cancer.   Methods　Chemiluminesent microparticle immunoassay was used to determine the levels of PGⅠ and PGⅡ and the ratio of PGⅠ/PGⅡ in 145 patients with various gastric diseases. The results were analyzed statistically.  Results　Compared with patients with chronic nonatrophic gastritis,the serum PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratios in patients with gastric ulcer and atrophic gastritis were lower (P<0.05), and that in patients with gastric cancer was significantly lower (P<0.001). There was no statistical significance of PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio among atrophic gastritis, gastric cancer and gastric ulcer (P> 0.05).  Conclusions　The changes of serum PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio are related with gastric pathological changes, and the PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio has a clinical significance for the early screening of gastric cancer and gastric precancerosis.