检验医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 393-399.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2024.04.014

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血清同型半胱氨酸、胱抑素C水平与单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎患者认知障碍的关系

俞佳慧, 周麟, 郭钢, 周建美()   

  1. 诸暨市中医医院检验科,浙江 绍兴 311800
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-23 修回日期:2023-05-29 出版日期:2024-04-30 发布日期:2024-05-07
  • 通讯作者: 周建美,E-mail:3529181161@qq.com
  • 作者简介:俞佳慧,女,1989年生,学士,主管检验师,主要从事临床检验工作。

Relationship between serum homocysteine,cystatin C levels and cognitive impairment in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis

YU Jiahui, ZHOU Lin, GUO Gang, ZHOU Jianmei()   

  1. Zhuji Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhuji 311800,Zhejiang,China
  • Received:2022-08-23 Revised:2023-05-29 Online:2024-04-30 Published:2024-05-07

摘要:

目的 探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、胱抑素C(Cys C)水平与单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎(HSE)患者认知障碍的关系。方法 选取2018年4月—2022年5月诸暨市中医医院HSE患者106例,根据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分将其分为认知正常组和认知障碍组。收集所有患者的一般资料,并检测血脂、空腹血糖、血清肌酐(SCr)、尿酸(UA)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、Hcy、Cys C水平和脑脊液压力、脑脊液蛋白水平、脑脊液白细胞计数。采用LASSO回归分析、10倍交叉验证法获得HSE患者合并认知障碍的预测因子子集,采用Logistic多因素回归分析评估HSE患者发生认知障碍的危险因素。采用平滑曲线拟合分析血清Hcy、Cys C水平与认知障碍的关系。构建用于评估HSE患者认知障碍列线图预测模型,并评价其效能。结果 认知障碍组与认知正常组年龄、受教育年限、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、hs-CRP、Hcy、MoCA评分、Cys C和脑脊液压力差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用LASSO回归分析筛选出7个预测因子(受教育年限、入院时NIHSS评分、Hcy、hs-CRP、MoCA评分、Cys C和脑脊液压力)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,hs-CRP、Hcy、Cys C和脑脊液压力均为HSE患者发生认知障碍的独立危险因素(P<0.05),MoCA评分为HSE患者发生认知障碍的独立保护因素(P<0.05)。平滑曲线拟合结果显示,Hcy、Cys C与认知障碍呈线性正相关。阈值分析结果显示,当Hcy≥14.35 μmol·L-1时,Hcy每增加1 μmol·L-1,HSE患者发生认知障碍的风险增加20%[比值比(OR)=0.80,95%CI为0.68~0.94,P<0.05],当Cys C≥1.72 mg·L-1时,Cys C水平每增加0.2 mg·L-1,HSE患者发生认知障碍的概率增加8%(OR=0.92,95%CI为0.88~0.98,P<0.05)。根据独立影响因素构建的列线图预测模型具有较高的区分度、准确性和临床适用性。结论 血清Hcy、Cys C水平与HSE患者认知障碍密切相关。基于脑脊液压力、Hcy、Cys C、MoCA评分和hs-CRP构建的列线图预测模型有助于预测HSE患者认知障碍。

关键词: 同型半胱氨酸, 胱抑素C, 认知障碍, 单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine(Hcy),cystatin C(Cys C) levels and cognitive impairment in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis(HSE). Methods Totally,106 HSE patients in Zhuji Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2018 to May 2022 were enrolled and classified into cognitive normal group and cognitive impairment group according to Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA) scores. The general data were collected,and blood lipids,fasting blood glucose,serum creatinine(SCr),uric acid(UA),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),Hcy,Cys C levels and cerebrospinal fluid pressure,cerebrospinal fluid protein level,cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count were determined. LASSO regression analysis and 10-time cross-validation method were used to obtain a subset of predictors of HSE patients with cognitive impairment,and multi-variate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of cognitive impairment in HSE patients. Smooth curve fitting was used to analyze the relationship between serum Hcy and CysC levels and cognitive impairment. A nomogram prediction model was constructed for evaluating the occurrence of cognitive impairment in HSE patients. The efficiency was evaluated. Results There was statistical significance in age,years of education,the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score,hs-CRP,Hcy,MoCA score,CysC and cerebrospinal fluid pressure between cognitive impairment group and cognitive normal group(P<0.05). Totally,7 predictors(years of education,NIHSS score at admission,Hcy,hs-CRP,MoCA score,Cys C and cerebrospinal fluid pressure) were selected by LASSO regression analysis. Multi-variate Logistic regression analysis showed that hs-CRP,Hcy,CysC and cerebrospinal fluid pressure were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in HSE patients(P<0.05),and MoCA score was an independent protective factor for cognitive impairment in HSE patients(P<0.05). The smooth curve fitting results showed that Hcy and CysC were linearly positively correlated with cognitive impairment. Threshold analysis results showed that when Hcy ≥14.35 μmol·L-1 was increased by 1 μmol·L-1,the risk of cognitive impairment in HSE patients increased by 20%[odds ratio(OR)=0.80,95% confidence interval(CI) 0.68-0.94,P<0.05]. When Cys C≥1.72 mg·L-1,the probability of cognitive impairment in HSE patients increased by 8% for every 0.2 mg·L-1 increase in Cys C level(OR=0.92,95%CI 0.88-0.98,P<0.05). The nomogram prediction model based on independent influencing factors had high differentiation,accuracy and clinical applicability. Conclusions Serum Hcy and Cys C levels are related to cognitive impairment in HSE patients. The nomogram prediction model based on cerebrospinal fluid pressure,Hcy,Cys C,MoCA score and hs-CRP was helpful to predict the occurrence of cognitive impairment in HSE patients.

Key words: Homocysteine, Cystatin C, Cognitive impairment, Herpes simplex encephalitis

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