检验医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1157-1162.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2024.12.005

• 全健康策略下的真菌学检验专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

免疫功能正常肺隐球菌病患者隐球菌荚膜抗原检测的意义

张燕, 郑洁, 刘佳星, 高硕, 徐学静, 刘畅, 曹小利, 周万青, 沈瀚()   

  1. 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院检验科,江苏 南京 210008
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-15 修回日期:2024-09-03 出版日期:2024-12-30 发布日期:2025-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 沈 瀚,E-mail:m13809028155@163.com。
  • 作者简介:张 燕,女,1984年生,硕士,副主任技师,主要从事临床微生物检验工作。

Role of cryptococcal antigen determination in pulmonary cryptococcosis patients with normal immune function

ZHANG Yan, ZHENG Jie, LIU Jiaxing, GAO Shuo, XU Xuejing, LIU Chang, CAO Xiaoli, ZHOU Wanqing, SHEN Han()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School of Medicine,Nanjing 210008,Jiangsu,China
  • Received:2024-03-15 Revised:2024-09-03 Online:2024-12-30 Published:2025-01-06

摘要:

目的 分析免疫功能正常肺隐球菌病(PC)患者血清隐球菌荚膜抗原(CrAg)检测的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2022年1月—2023年12月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院60例免疫功能正常PC患者的临床资料。比较血清CrAg阴性和CrAg阳性患者临床特征的差异。了解患者疾病转归。结果 60例患者中,有13例咳嗽咳痰,5例咳嗽咳痰伴气喘,3例咳嗽咳痰伴胸痛,2例咳嗽咳痰伴发热,其余37例(61.7%)无明显临床症状。血清CrAg阳性患者46例(76.7%)、阴性患者14例(23.3%);血清CrAg阳性组和CrAg阴性组咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛、气喘、发热等临床表现差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);CrAg阳性组多发结节比例(71.7%)高于CrAg阴性组(35.7%),单发结节比例(17.4%)低于CrAg阴性组(64.3%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清CrAg阳性患者中有15例(32.6%)治疗6个月内血清CrAg转为阴性。结论 血清CrAg检测可快速筛查免疫功能正常PC患者。建议动态监测此类患者治疗过程中CrAg滴度,结合临床及时调整治疗方案。

关键词: 隐球菌荚膜抗原, 肺隐球菌病, 免疫功能, 临床特征

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the role of serum cryptococcal antigen(CrAg) determination in pulmonary cryptococcosis(PC) patients with normal immune function. Methods The clinical data of 60 PC patients with normal immune function at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School of Medicine from January 2022 to December 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. The differences in clinical characteristics between serum CrAg negative group and CrAg positive group were compared. The outcome was monitored. Results Among the 60 patients,13 cases had cough and sputum,5 cases had cough and sputum with asthma,3 cases had cough and sputum with chest pain,2 cases had cough and sputum with fever,and the remaining 37 cases(61.7%) had no obvious clinical symptoms. There were 46 cases(76.7%) in serum CrAg positive group and 14 cases(23.3%) in serum CrAg negative group. There was no statistical significance in clinical manifestations of cough,sputum,chest pain,asthma and fever between the 2 groups(P>0.05). The proportion of multiple nodules in CrAg positive group(71.7%) was higher than that in CrAg negative group(35.7%),and the proportion of single nodules in CrAg positive group(17.4%) was lower than that in CrAg negative group(64.3%)(P<0.05). There were 15 patients(32.6%)turning to serum CrAg negative within 6 months. Conclusions The determination of serum CrAg can be used to rapidly screen PC patients with normal immune function. It is recommended that CrAg titer is dynamically determined and combined with clinical factors in the course of treatment to provide a reference for the adjustment of treatment plan.

Key words: Cryptococcal antigen, Pulmonary cryptococcosis, Immune function, Clinical characteristic

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