适配体生物传感器在生物分子及细胞检测中的应用研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2020.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

适配体是通过指数富集配基系统进化（SELEX）技术筛选得到的DNA或RNA寡核苷酸单链。以适配体为信号识别元件,结合生物传感技术制作成的适配体生物传感器,既具有适配体特异性高、亲和力强、易于制备修饰、稳定性好的特点,又保持了生物传感器响应快速、操作简便、成本低廉的优势。文章介绍了适配体生物传感器在生物小分子、蛋白质、病原菌及细胞等生物分子检测中的应用,并分析了现阶段存在的局限,为适配体生物传感器在生物分子检测相关领域的应用提供新的思路和研究依据。

关键词: 适配体, 生物传感器, 生物分子, 检测

Abstract:

Aptamers are DNA or RNA nucleic acid ligands that are isolated from the libraries of oligonucleotides by an in vitro selection process called systematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment（SELEX）. Aptasensors,which are based on the specificity of aptamer-target recognition analytical purposes,have received particular attention due to their high sensitivity and selectivity,simple instrumentation and good stability,and they have the advantages of rapid response,low cost and easy operation as well. This review summarizes the application of aptasensors for biomolecules,including small molecules,nucleic acids,bacteria and proteins. In this review,the limitations and the main problems are discussed. Furthermore,the remaining challenges and opportunities to aptasensing platforms in the determination of biomolecules are summarized.

Key words: Aptamer, Biosensor, Biomolecule, Assay

中图分类号:

R446.1

刘畅, 刘飞, 舒丽琼, 钱丹, 田野, 蒲晓允. 适配体生物传感器在生物分子及细胞检测中的应用研究[J]. 检验医学, 2020, 35(1): 70-74.

LIU Chang, LIU Fei, SHU Liqiong, QIAN Dan, TIAN Ye, PU Xiaoyun. Aptamer-based assay for biomolecules and cells[J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2020, 35(1): 70-74.

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