Abstract: Objective　To understand the infection of hepatitis C virus（HCV） and treponema pallidum among human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） single-infection couples in Queshan county.   Methods　A total of 362 HIV single-infection couples in Queshan county were enrolled as experiment group. The blood of 169 HIV-positive spouses and 339 HIV-negative spouses had been extracted. The anti-HCV and anti-treponema pallidum antibodies had been detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The 1 700 healthy subjects in local hospital were enrolled as healthy controls. Results　The HCV infection rate of the HIV-positive spouses was 85.8%（145/169）.It was significantly higher than that of HIV-negative spouses[34.8%（118/339），χ²＝117.4，P＜0.01]. The HCV infection rates of the 2 groups were higher than that of control group [4.6%（78/1 700），χ²＝891.3，P＜0.01]. The HCV infection rate of HIV single-infection couples was 91.1%. The difference of treponema pallidum incidence was not significant between experiment group and control group（χ²＝1.764，P＞0.05）. Conclusions　It is indicated that blood is the main route of HIV infection among HIV single-infection couples in Queshan county，and the HCV concurrent infection should be paid attention while preventing the pathophoresis of HCV.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus, Single-infection couple, Hepatitis C virus, Treponema pallidum