Roles of SARS-CoV-2 N protein and S protein antibody determinations in the diagnosis of COVID-19

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2020.11.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To compare the roles of serum severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2（SARS-CoV-2） nucleocapsid（N） protein antibody and spike（S） protein antibody determinations in the diagnosis of corona virus disease 2019（COVID-19）. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to determine SARS-CoV-2 N protein immunoglobulin（Ig） M and IgG antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain（RBD） IgM and IgG antibodies in sera of 39 COVID-19 patients（COVID-19 group）,40 suspected COVID-19 patients（disease control group） and 225 healthy subjects（healthy control group）. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was used to evaluate the roles of various indicators in diagnosing COVID-19. Results The S/CO values of SARS-CoV-2 N protein IgM antibody and IgG antibody and SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgM antibody and IgG antibody in COVID-19 group were higher than those in disease control group（P<0.05） and healthy control group（P<0.05）. ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under curves（AUC） of SARS-CoV-2 N protein IgM antibody,IgG antibody,IgM+IgG antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgM antibody,IgG antibody,IgM+IgG antibodies for the diagnosis of COVID-19 were 0.949,0.991,0.992,0.994,0.999 and 0.999,respectively. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies have better diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of COVID-19 than that of SARS-CoV-2 N protein antibodies.

Key words: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Nucleocapsid protein, Spike protein, Antibody, Corona virus disease 2019

CLC Number:

R446.1

TIAN Yaling, LU Junyan. Roles of SARS-CoV-2 N protein and S protein antibody determinations in the diagnosis of COVID-19[J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2020, 35(11): 1136-1139.

Figures/Tables 3

References 9

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组别	例数	N蛋白		RBD
组别	例数	IgM抗体	IgG抗体	IgM抗体	IgG抗体
COVID-19组	39	2.38（1.20~3.66）^*#	10.81（4.91~16.12）^*#	5.74（3.19~7.76）^*#	19.75（16.69~22.19）^*#
疾病对照组	40	0.39（0.28~0.55）	0.52（0.46~0.66）	0.37（0.25~0.51）	0.59（0.38~0.74）
正常对照组	225	0.50（0.28~0.61）	0.47（0.36~0.43）	0.50（0.24~0.65）	0.49（0.40~0.51）

组别	例数	N蛋白		RBD
组别	例数	IgM抗体	IgG抗体	IgM抗体	IgG抗体
COVID-19组	39	2.38（1.20~3.66）^*#	10.81（4.91~16.12）^*#	5.74（3.19~7.76）^*#	19.75（16.69~22.19）^*#
疾病对照组	40	0.39（0.28~0.55）	0.52（0.46~0.66）	0.37（0.25~0.51）	0.59（0.38~0.74）
正常对照组	225	0.50（0.28~0.61）	0.47（0.36~0.43）	0.50（0.24~0.65）	0.49（0.40~0.51）

项目	AUC（95%可信区间）	最佳临界值（S/CO）	敏感性/%	特异性/%	Youden指数
N蛋白IgM抗体	0.949（0.909~0.989）^*	1.18	82.1^*	96.6^*	0.787
N蛋白IgG抗体	0.991（0.983~0.999）^*	1.14	94.9	95.8^*	0.907
N蛋白IgM+IgG抗体	0.992（0.985~1.000）^*		97.4	94.7^*	0.922
RBD IgM抗体	0.994（0.988~1.000）^*	1.25	100.0	94.3^*	0.943
RBD IgG抗体	0.999（0.998~1.000）	3.46	100.0	99.6	0.996
RBD IgM+IgG抗体	0.999（0.998~1.000）		100.0	99.6	0.996

项目	AUC（95%可信区间）	最佳临界值（S/CO）	敏感性/%	特异性/%	Youden指数
N蛋白IgM抗体	0.949（0.909~0.989）^*	1.18	82.1^*	96.6^*	0.787
N蛋白IgG抗体	0.991（0.983~0.999）^*	1.14	94.9	95.8^*	0.907
N蛋白IgM+IgG抗体	0.992（0.985~1.000）^*		97.4	94.7^*	0.922
RBD IgM抗体	0.994（0.988~1.000）^*	1.25	100.0	94.3^*	0.943
RBD IgG抗体	0.999（0.998~1.000）	3.46	100.0	99.6	0.996
RBD IgM+IgG抗体	0.999（0.998~1.000）		100.0	99.6	0.996

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