Laboratory Medicine ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (12): 1115-1120.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2023.12.002

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Roles of anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio in primary membranous nephropathy

SUN Lincheng, LI Jianfeng, CHENG Weili, JI Panyun   

  1. Department of Nephrology,Nanyang First People's Hospital,Nanyang 473000,Henan,China
  • Received:2023-05-10 Revised:2023-08-28 Online:2023-12-30 Published:2024-02-20

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the roles of anti-M-type phospholipase A2 receptor(PLA2R) IgG4 antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio in prognostic assessment of primary membranous nephropathy(PMN). Methods Totally,58 PMN patients from Nanyang First People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled. The clinical data,pathological examination data and clinical laboratory determination results of all the patients were collected,and serum levels of anti-PLA2R IgG antibody and anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody were determined to calculate PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio. All the patients were followed up for 3-24 months and were classified into remission group and non-remission group based on the efficacy. The correlation between various indicators was evaluated by Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis. The remission rate of PMN patients with different levels of anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Results Among the 58 PMN patients,51(87.93%) cases were PLA2R positive,and 7(12.07%) cases were negative. Serum anti-PLA2R IgG antibody,anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio in PLA2R positive group were higher than those in PLA2R negative group(P). PLA2R was positively correlated with anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio(r=0.276 and 0.283,P<0.05). Anti-PLA2R IgG antibody and anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody were positively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)(r=0.283 and 0.382,P<0.05),while anti-PLA2R IgG antibody and anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)(r=-0.379 and -0.425,P<0.05). Anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody was positively correlated with anti-PLA2R IgG antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio(r=0.817 and 0.714,P<0.001). After standardized treatment and follow-up for 3-24 months,41 out of 58 PMN patients(70.69%) experienced remission. Urinary protein,anti-PLA2R IgG antibody,anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio in remission group before and 24 h after treatment were lower than those in non-remission group(P<0.05). After treatment,serum albumin(Alb) level in remission group was higher than that in non-remission group(P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis results showed that patients with low anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody levels and low PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio had higher remission rates than those with high anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody levels and high PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio,respectively. Conclusions Anti-PLA2R IgG4 antibody and PLA2R IgG4/IgG ratio may serve as the indicators for evaluating the efficacy of PMN treatment.

Key words: M-type phospholipase A2 receptor, Antibody, Immunoglobin G, Immunoglobin G4, Primary membranous nephropathy

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