检验医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 954-958.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.10.004

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于前列腺特异性抗原和前列腺健康指数筛查前列腺癌效果评价

施美芳1, 吴炯2, 胡嘉华2, 刘涛1, 陈贞艳1, 戴洁1, 花豹3(), 邹政1()   

  1. 1 上海市宝山区友谊街道社区卫生服务中心检验科上海 201999
    2 上海嘉会国际医院检验科上海 200233
    3 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院检验科上海 200125
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-07 修回日期:2025-05-07 出版日期:2025-10-30 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者: 邹 政,E-mail:13641813327@163.com;花 豹,E-mail:edwin356@126.com
  • 作者简介:施美芳,女,1967年生,主任技师,主要从事肿瘤标志物研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2000204);上海市宝山区科学技术委员会医学卫生项目(21-E-48)

Efficiency evaluation of prostate cancer screening based on prostate-specific antigen and prostate healthy index

SHI Meifang1, WU Jiong2, HU Jiahua2, LIU Tao1, CHEN Zhenyan1, DAI Jie1, HUA Bao3(), ZOU Zheng1()   

  1. 1 Department of Clinical LaboratoryYouyi Road Community Health Service Centre for Baoshan DistrictShanghai 201999, China
    2 Department of Clinical LaboratoryShanghai Jiahui International HospitalShanghai 200233, China
    3 Department of Clinical LaboratoryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200125, China
  • Received:2023-10-07 Revised:2025-05-07 Online:2025-10-30 Published:2025-11-07

摘要:

目的 基于前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)和前列腺健康指数(PHI)构建前列腺癌筛查策略,并分析其诊断效能。方法 选取 2021年8月—2022年7月于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院北院行前列腺活检的疑似前列腺癌患者112例。根据前列腺活检结果分为前列腺癌组(42例)、良性疾病组(70例,良性前列腺增生)。收集所有患者的临床资料,并检测PSA、游离前列腺特异性抗原(f-PSA)、PHI,计算f-PSA/PSA比值。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各项指标诊断前列腺癌的效能。结果 前列腺癌组和良性疾病组年龄、PSA、f-PSA、PHI、直肠指检异常率和前列腺体积差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,PHI、PSA、f-PSA、f-PSA/PSA比值诊断前列腺癌的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.820、0.771、0.728、0.621。PSA的临界值取4 ng·mL-1时阴性预期值最高(1.000),临界值取10 ng·mL-1时阳性预期值为0.538。PHI的临界值取55时阳性预期值最高(0.750)。根据PHI、PSA、f-PSA的不同临界值构建前列腺癌筛查策略。筛查策略A(PSA 4 ng·mL-1+PHI 55)、筛查策略B(PSA 4 ng·mL-1+PHI 27)、筛查策略C(PSA 4、10 ng·mL-1+f-PSA 1 ng·mL-1)诊断前列腺癌的AUC分别为0.710、0.757、0.667。筛查策略A的阳性预期值最高(0.833),筛查策略C的阴性预期值最高(0.882)。结论 PSA结合PHI和f-PSA可以有效提升前列腺癌筛查的效能。

关键词: 前列腺特异性抗原, 前列腺健康指数, 前列腺癌

Abstract:

Objective To establish a prostate cancer screening strategy based on prostate-specific antigen(PSA) and prostate healthy index(PHI),and to investigate its diagnostic efficacy. Methods A total of 112 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent prostate biopsy at the North Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2021 to July 2022 were enrolled. The patients were classified into prostate cancer group(42 cases) and benign disease group(70 cases,benign prostatic hyperplasia) based on the results of prostate biopsy. The clinical data were collected,and PSA,free prostate-specific antigen(f-PSA) and PHI were determined,and the f-PSA/PSA ratio was calculated. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each indicator for prostate cancer. Results There was statistical significance in age,PSA,f-PSA,PHI,rectal examination abnormal rate and prostate volume between prostate cancer group and benign disease group(P<0.05). The areas under curves(AUC) for PHI,PSA,f-PSA and the f-PSA/PSA ratio in diagnosing prostate cancer were 0.820,0.771,0.728 and 0.621,respectively. The cut-off value of PSA was 4 ng·mL-1 when the negative predictive value was the highest(1.000),and the cut-off value of 10 ng·mL-1 resulted in a positive predictive value of 0.538. The cut-off value of PHI was 55 when the positive predictive value was the highest(0.750). Based on different cut-off values of PHI,PSA and f-PSA,prostate cancer screening strategies were constructed. The AUC of screening strategy A(PSA 4 ng·mL-1+ PHI 55),screening strategy B(PSA 4 ng·mL-1+PHI 27) and screening strategy C(PSA 4,10 ng·mL-1+f-PSA 1 ng·mL-1) for diagnosing prostate cancer were 0.710,0.757 and 0.667,respectively. The positive predictive value of screening strategy A was the highest(0.833),and the negative predictive value of screening strategy C was the highest(0.882). Conclusions PSA combined with PHI and f-PSA can effectively improve the efficacy of prostate cancer screening.

Key words: Prostate-specific antigen, Prostate healthy index, Prostate cancer

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