检验医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 834-839.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.09.002

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

血清壳多糖酶3样蛋白1在糖尿病肾病中的应用价值

叶亚丽1, 柯琴剑1, 郭宁燕1, 章咪莎1, 罗曼2, 林思成3   

  1. 1 三门县人民医院检验科, 浙江 台州 317100
    2 三门县人民医院肾内科, 浙江 台州 317100
    3 新疆医科大学, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-27 修回日期:2025-06-12 出版日期:2026-09-30 发布日期:2026-09-29
  • 作者简介:叶亚丽,女,1985年生,硕士,主任技师,主要从事糖尿病肾病诊断实验室工作。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2024XY210);台州市三门县科技计划项目(22302)

Application role of serum chitinase 3-like protein 1 in diabetic nephropathy

YE Yali1, KE Qinjian1, GUO Ningyan1, ZHANG Misha1, LUO Man2, LIN Sicheng3   

  1. 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sanmen People's Hospital, Taizhou 317100,Zhejiang, China
    2 Department of Nephrology, Sanmen People's Hospital, Taizhou 317100,Zhejiang, China
    3 Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017,Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-10-27 Revised:2025-06-12 Online:2026-09-30 Published:2026-09-29

摘要:

目的 探讨血清壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(CHI3L1)水平在糖尿病肾病(DN)中的应用价值。方法 选取2023年6月—2024年6月三门县人民医院2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者216例,根据尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)分为单纯糖尿病(SDM)组(121例)、早期糖尿病肾病(EDN)组(52例)和临床糖尿病肾病(CDN)组(43例)。检测所有研究对象血常规、生化指标和UACR、CHI3L1水平。采用Logistic回归分析评估DN发生的影响因素。采用四分位法将CHI3L1水平分为4个区间[Q1区(<34.55 ng·mL-1)、Q2区(34.55~<55.11 ng·mL-1)、Q3区(55.11~115.50 ng·mL-1)、Q4区(>115.50 ng·mL-1)],分析不同CHI3L1水平与DN发生的关系。采用Spearman相关分析评估血清CHI3L1与其他指标的相关性。结果 与SDM组比较,EDN组和CDN组男性、合并糖尿病周围血管神经病变患者所占比例和CHI3L1、血清肌酐(SCr)、尿酸(UA)、胱抑素C(Cys C)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)水平均升高,估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)降低,EDN组C反应蛋白(CRP)水平升高,CDN组高血压史患者所占比例和尿素、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)升高(P<0.05)。与EDN组比较,CDN组合并糖尿病周围血管神经病变患者所占比例和CHI3L1、SCr、尿素、UA、Cys C、Hcy、SAA水平升高,eGFR降低(P<0.05)。3个组年龄、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血小板(PLT)计数、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Q4区CHI3L1水平和Hcy均为DN发生的独立危险因素[比值比(OR)值分别为6.06、1.18,95%可信区间(CI)分别为1.69~21.66、1.02~1.37,P<0.05]。血清CHI3L1与UACR、SCr、尿素、Cys C、Hcy、CRP、SAA、NLR均呈正相关(r值分别为0.570、0.339、0.285、0.484、0.177、0.232、0.166、0.158,P<0.05),与eGFR呈负相关(r=-0.370,P<0.05)。结论 DN患者血清CHI3L1水平升高,且DN发生风险随CHI3L1水平的升高而升高。血清CHI3L1可作为T2DM患者发生DN的评估指标。

关键词: 壳多糖酶3样蛋白1, 2型糖尿病, 糖尿病肾病

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the application role of serum chitinase 3-like protein 1(CHI3L1)levels in diabetic nephropathy(DN). Methods A total of 216 type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients from Sanmen People's Hospital from June 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled. According to the results of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR),they were classified into simple diabetes mellitus(SDM)group(121 cases),early diabetic nephropathy(EDN)group(52 cases)and clinical diabetic nephropathy(CDN)group(43 cases). The blood routine test,biochemical indicators,UACR and serum CHI3L1 levels were performed and determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of DN occurrence. The CHI3L1 levels were classified into 4 intervals by quartile method [Q1(<34.55 ng·mL-1),Q2(34.55-<55.11 ng·mL-1),Q3(55.11-115.50 ng·mL-1),Q4(>115.50 ng·mL-1)],and the relationship between CHI3L1 levels and the occurrence of DN was analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between serum CHI3L1 and other indicators. Results Compared with SDM group,both EDN and CDN groups showed higher proportions of males and patients with diabetic peripheral vascular neuropathy,as well as elevated levels of CHI3L1,serum creatinine(SCr),uric acid(UA),cystatin C(Cys C),homocysteine(Hcy)and serum amyloid A(SAA),along with a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)(P<0.05). EDN group also exhibited higher levels of C-reactive protein(CRP)(P<0.05). In CDN group,the proportion of patients with a history of hypertension,as well as urea and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),were increased(P<0.05). Compared with EDN group,CDN group had higher proportions of diabetic peripheral vascular neuropathy and elevated levels of CHI3L1,SCr,urea,UA,Cys C,Hcy and SAA,along with a lower eGFR(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance among the 3 groups in terms of age,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),platelet(PLT)count,or glycated hemoglobinA1c(HbA1c)(P>0.05). The Q4 of CHI3L1 and Hcy were independent risk factors for DN occurrence [odds ratios(OR)were 6.06 and 1.18,95% confidence intervals(CI)were 1.69-21.66 and 1.02-1.37,P<0.05]. Serum CHI3L1 was positively correlated with UACR,SCr,urea,Cys C,Hcy,CRP,SAA and NLR(r values were 0.570,0.339,0.285,0.484,0.177,0.232,0.166 and 0.158,P<0.05),and it was negatively correlated with eGFR(r=-0.370,P<0.05). Conclusions The serum CHI3L1 level in patients with DN is increased,and the risk of DN occurrence increases with the increase of CHI3L1 level. Serum CHI3L1 can be used as an assessment indicator for the risk of DN occurrence in T2DM patients.

Key words: Chitinase 3-like protein 1, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Diabetic nephropathy

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