检验医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 560-565.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.06.007

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

抗磷脂酶A2受体抗体与尿液蛋白标志物联合检测在原发性膜性肾病诊断中的价值

王文涓, 金纪之, 张春旭, 刘华()   

  1. 上海交通大学附属第六人民医院检验科上海 200233
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-09 修回日期:2025-12-17 出版日期:2026-06-30 发布日期:2026-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 刘 华,E-mail:liu_hua66@163.com
  • 作者简介:王文涓,女,1982年生,博士,主管技师,主要从事临床免疫检验工作。

Role of combined determination of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody and urine protein markers in the diagnosis of primary membranous nephropathy

WANG Wenjuan, JIN Jizhi, ZHANG Chunxu, LIU Hua()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratorythe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200233, China
  • Received:2025-01-09 Revised:2025-12-17 Online:2026-06-30 Published:2026-07-01

摘要:

目的 探讨血清抗磷脂酶A2受体抗体(PLA2R-Ab)和尿液蛋白标志物联合检测在原发性膜性肾病(PMN)诊断中的价值。方法 选取2023年7月—2024年3月上海交通大学附属第六人民医院PMN患者61例(PMN组)、IgA肾病(IgAN)患者49例(IgAN组)、糖尿病肾病(DN)患者156例(DN组)、其他肾小球疾病患者42例(其他组),同时检测血清PLA2R-Ab、IgG4和尿液α1-微球蛋白(α1-MG)、IgG、转铁蛋白(TF)、微量白蛋白(mAlb)、肌酐(Cr)、红细胞(RBC)计数以及尿蛋白,计算尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(ACR)、24 h尿mAlb和24 h尿蛋白。采用Spearman相关分析评估PLA2R-Ab与肾功能指标的相关性。采用Logistic回归分析评估PMN发生的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各项指标诊断PMN的效能。结果 PMN组、IgAN组、DN组和其他组之间血清PLA2R-Ab、尿mAlb、尿TF、尿IgG、ACR和尿RBC计数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),血清IgG4水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在PLA2R-Ab阳性的PMN患者中,血清PLA2R-Ab水平与ACR、尿IgG呈正相关(r值分别为0.239、0.228,P<0.05)。尿IgG、尿TF和血清PLA2R-Ab是PMN发生的独立危险因素[比值比(OR)值分别为0.994、1.012、1.358,95%可信区间(CI)分别为0.990~0.999、1.006~1.017、1.039~1.774,P<0.05]。 尿IgG、尿TF、血清PLA2R-Ab单项检测和联合检测诊断PMN的AUC分别为0.650、0.814、0.858和0.953。结论 血清PLA2R-Ab、尿IgG和尿TF与PMN发生有关,三者联合检测可显著提升PMN的诊断效能。

关键词: 抗磷脂酶A2受体抗体, 转铁蛋白, 免疫球蛋白G, 尿液, 原发性膜性肾病

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the role of combined determination of serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody(PLA2R-Ab) and urine protein markers in the diagnosis of primary membranous nephropathy(PMN). Methods Totally,61 patients with PMN at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from July 2023 to March 2024,49 patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN),156 patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN) and 42 patients with other glomerular diseases were enrolled. Serum PLA2R-Ab,IgG4,urine alpha1-microglobulin(α1-MG),immunoglobulin G(IgG),transferrin(TF),microalbumin(mAlb),creatinine(Cr),red blood cell(RBC) count,urine protein and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio(ACR),24 h urine mAlb and 24 h urine protein were determined and calculated. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between PLA2R-Ab and renal function indicators. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of PMN occurrence. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of each indicator in diagnosing PMN. Results There was statistical significance in serum PLA2R-Ab,urine mAlb,urine TF,urine IgG,ACR and urine RBC count among PMN group,IgAN group,DN group and other glomerular disease group(P<0.05),while there was no statistical significance in serum IgG4 levels(P>0.05). In PLA2R-Ab-positive PMN patients,serum PLA2R-Ab level was positively correlated with ACR and urine IgG(r values were 0.239 and 0.228,P<0.05). Urine IgG,urine TF and serum PLA2R-Ab were independent risk factors for PMN occurrence [odds ratios(OR) were 0.994,1.012 and 1.358,95% confidence intervals(CI) were 0.990-0.999,1.006-1.017 and 1.039-1.774,P<0.05]. The areas under curves(AUC) of single and combined determinations of urine IgG,urine TF and serum PLA2R-Ab for diagnosing PMN were 0.650,0.814,0.858 and 0.953,respectively. Conclusions Serum PLA2R-Ab,urine IgG and urine TF are related to the occurrence of PMN,and the combined determination of the 3 indicators can improve the diagnostic efficacy of PMN.

Key words: Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody, Transferrin, Immunoglobulin G, Urine, Primary membranous nephropathy

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