检验医学 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 31-36.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2018.01.006

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自身免疫性疾病患者及健康体检者自身抗体相关实验室指标分析

陈水绵, 俞翀曌, 李恩灵, 朱昊明, 陆靖波, 郑冰   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院检验科,上海 200127
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-12 出版日期:2018-01-30 发布日期:2021-03-18
  • 作者简介:null
    作者简介:陈水绵,女,1988年生,学士,技师,主要从事临床免疫学检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金-青年科学基金项目(81601853);上海市医药卫生发展基金会优秀青年临床医技人才计划(2016-01);上海市卫生和计划生育委员会青年科研项目(2013Y209)

Autoantibody-related parameters in patients with autoimmune diseases and healthy subjects

CHEN Shuimian, YU Chongzhao, LI Enling, ZHU Haoming, LU Jingbo, ZHENG Bing   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China
  • Received:2017-03-12 Online:2018-01-30 Published:2021-03-18

摘要:

目的 探讨抗核抗体(ANA)等相关实验室指标检测结果的差异对于不同自身免疫性疾病(AID)的鉴别诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析1 905例AID患者ANA、抗可提取核抗原(ENA)抗体、抗双链DNA(ds-DNA)抗体和抗核小体(Nuc)抗体检测结果以及4 433名健康体检者的ANA核型、滴度分布。组间比较采用t检验、中位数检验,相关性分析采用Spearman相关分析,诊断效能评估采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析。结果 原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)、自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者ANA核型以混合型及胞浆颗粒型为主,其他AID以均质型、核颗粒型、混合型为主;强直性脊柱炎(AS)、类风湿性关节炎(RA)、炎症性肌炎(IM)患者ANA滴度(中位数)≤1∶160,其余AID患者以高滴度(≥1∶320)为主。系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者ANA滴度与抗ds-DNA抗体呈正相关(r=0.394,P<0.01);成人SLE组(898例)女性占比及ANA、抗ds-DNA抗体、抗Nuc抗体、抗尿嘧啶1低分子量核糖核蛋白(U1RNP)抗体阳性率明显高于小儿SLE组(103例,P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,当AID组和健康体检组ANA滴度分别为1∶80、1∶160时,ANA的敏感性分别为97.1%、80.1%,特异性分别为38.7%、80.8%。结论 不同AID患者ANA阳性率和滴度存在差异,通过某些特殊核型分析可为AID(如PBC/AIH)的诊断提供重要依据。SLE患者中ANA滴度与抗ds-DNA抗体呈正相关。建议将ANA 1∶80、1∶160分别作为健康体检筛查和AID诊断的临界值。

关键词: 抗核抗体, 自身免疫性疾病, 健康体检人群, 儿童系统性红斑狼疮

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the roles of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and other related parameters for the diagnosis of different autoimmune diseases (AID). Methods A total of 1 905 AID patients were enrolled and studied retrospectively. ANA and anti-extractable nuclear antigen (ENA),anti-double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) and anti-nucleosome (Nuc) antibodies were determined. Totally,4 433 healthy subjects were enrolled for ANA karyotypes and titer distribution. Th. Results were collected and analyzed by t test and non-parameter test,Spearman correlation analysis was used,and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for evaluating diagnostic efficiency. Results The major patterns in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) were mixed type and cytoplasmic granules for ANA karyotypes,but there were homogenous, speckled and mixed patterns in other AID as well. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS),rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory myositis (IM) had titer (median)≤1∶160,and other AID patients had high titer(≥1∶320). For systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients,the titers of ANA were positively correlated with anti-ds-DNA antibody (r=0.394,P<0.01). In adult SLE group (898 cases),the proportion of females,ANA and anti-ds-DNA antibody,anti-Nuc antibody and anti-uracil-1 low molecular weight ribonucleoprotein(U1RNP) antibody positive rates were higher than those in pediatric SLE group (103 cases,P<0.01). When the titer was 1∶80,the sensitivity was 97.1%,and the specificity was 38.7%. When the titer was 1∶160,the sensitivity was 80.1%,and the specificity was 80.8%.Conclusions The positive rates and titers of ANA have difference among patients with different AID. Some special karyotype analysis can provide a reference for the diagnosis of AID. ANA titer is positively correlated with anti-ds-DNA antibody in patients with SLE. The titers of ANA (1∶80 and 1∶160)could be used for health examination screening and AID diagnosis.

Key words: Anti-nuclear antibody, Autoimmune disease, Healthy subject, Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus

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