miRNA在肿瘤早期诊断中的价值及其检测技术进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2013.03.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 恶性肿瘤是一种死亡率很高的疾病，2005年全球死亡人数5 800万中死于癌症的760万，占总数13%^[1-2]。据世界卫生组织最近发表《世界癌症报告》说，今后数年将是全球癌症高发年份，如各国不采取紧急措施，到2020年全世界癌症发病率将比现在增加50％，全球每年新增患者人数将达1 500万人。解决肿瘤高死亡率的途径之一是对肿瘤进行有效的控制和预防，而控制和预防最大的难题是如何能尽可能早的发现肿瘤，从而针对性的采用最有效的手段进行治疗。肿瘤患者死亡率的不断升高，使得越来越多的研究人员致力于肿瘤研究，在其诊断和治疗方面取得了不少进展，其中肿瘤诊断方面，miRNA作为一种新的肿瘤标志物是肿瘤诊断研究的热点。

关键词: 肿瘤标志物, miRNA, 纳米-分子信标, 生物信息学

徐怡1，陈光明2，宓现强2. miRNA在肿瘤早期诊断中的价值及其检测技术进展[J]. 检验医学, 2013, 28(3): 248-251.

参考文献

[1]Srinivas PR， Kramer BS， Srivastava S. Trends in biomarker research for cancer detection[J]. Lancet Oncol，2001，2（11）:698-704.
[2]Cho WC. Contribution of oncoproteomics to cancer biomarker discovery[J]. Mol Cancer，2007，6:25.
[3]Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: genomics，biogenesis，mechanism，and function[J]. Cell，2004，116（2）:281-297.
[4]李海明，施南峰.miRNA——一种新的调控基因表达的小分子RNA[J].中国癌症杂志，2006，16（8）：675-678.
[5]Slack FJ，Weidhaas JB. MicroRNA in cancer prognosis[J]. N Engl J Med，2008，359（25）:2720-2722. 
[6]Hampton T. MicroRNAs linked to pancreatic cancer[J] ．JAMA，2007，297(9)：937.
[7]Zhang L，Coukos G．MicroRNAs： a new insight into cancer genome[J]．Cell Cycle，2006，5(19)：2216-2219.
[8]O′Driscoll L ．The emerging world of microRNAs[J]．Anticancer Res，2006，26 (6B)：4271-4278.
[9]Maitra A，Hruban RH. Pancreatic cancer[J]. Annu Rev Pathol，2008，3:157-188.
[10]Mitchell PS，Parkin RK，Kroh EM，et al. Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection[J]. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA，2008，105(30):10513-10518.
[11]Keller A，Leidinger P，Bauer A，et al. Toward the blood-borne miRNome of human diseases[J].Nat Methods，2011，8(10):841-843.
[12]Hennessey PT，Sanford T，Choudhary A，et al. Serum microRNA biomarkers for detection of non-small cell lung cancer[J]. PLoS One，2012，7(2):e32307.
[13]Boeri M，Verri C，Conte D，et al. MicroRNA signatures in tissues and plasma predict development and prognosis of computed tomography detected lung cancer[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA，2011，108(9):3713-3718.
[14]Foss KM，Sima C，Ugolini D，et al. miR-1254 and miR-574-5p: serum-based microRNA biomarkers for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer[J]. J Thorac Oncol，2011，6(3):482-488.
[15]Liu R，Chen X，Du Y，et al. Serum microRNA expression profile as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer[J]. Clin Chem，2012，58(3):610-618.
[16]Zhu S，Wu H，Wu F，et al. MicroRNA-21 targets tumor suppressor genes in invasion and metastasis[J]. Cell Res，2008(3)，18:350-359. 
[17]Hwang JH，Voortman J，Giovannetti E，et al. Identification of MicroRNA-21 as a biomarker for chemoresistance and clinical outcome following adjuvant therapy in resectable pancreatic cancer[J]. PLoS ONE，2010，5(5): e10630.
[18]Mitchell PS，Parkin RK，Kroh EM，et al. Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA，2008，105(30):10513-10518.
[19]Chim SS，Shing TK，Hung EC，et al. Detection and characterization of placental microRNAs in maternal plasma[J]. Clin Chem，2008，54(3):482-490.
[20]Chen X，Ba Y，Ma L，et al. Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases[J]. Cell Res，2008，18(10):997-1006.
[21]Resnick KE，Alder H，Hagan JP，et al. The detection of differentially expressed microRNAs from the serum of ovarian cancer patients using a novel real-time PCR platform[J]. Gynecol Oncol，2009，112(1):55-59.
[22]Meng F，Henson R，Wehbe-Janek H，et al. Micro-RNA-21 regulates expression of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in human hepatocellular cancer[J]. Gastroenterology，2007，133(2):647-658.
[23]Gynecologic Oncology Group，Secord AA，Lee PS，et al. Maspin expression in epithelial ovarian cancer and associations with poor prognosis: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study[J]. Gynecol Oncol，2006，101(3):390-397.
[24]Petrocca F，Visone R，Onelli MR，et al. E2F1-regulated microRNAs impair TGFbeta-dependent cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer[J]. Cancer Cell，2008，13(3):272-286.
[25]Skog J，Würdinger T，van Rijn S，et al. Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic bio-markers[J]. Nat Cell Biol，2008，10(12):1470-1476.
[26]Lawrie CH，Gal S，Dunlop HM，et al. Detection of elevated levels of tumour-associated microRNAs in serum of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma[J]. Br J Haematol，2008，141(5):672-675.
[27]Hanson EK，Lubenow H，Ballantyne J. Identification of forensically relevant body fluids using a panel of differentially expressed microRNAs[J]. Anal Biochem，2009，387(2):303-314.
[28]Wang J，Chen J，Chang P，et al. microRNAs in plasma of pancrestic ductal adencarcinoma patients as novel blood-based biomarkers of disease[J]. Cancer Pev Res(Phila)，2009，2(9): 807-813.
[29]Valadi H，Ekstrm K，Bossios A，et al. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells[J]. Nat Cell Biol，2007，9(6):654-659.
[30]Hunter MP，Ismail N，Zhang X，et al. Detection of microRNA expression in human peripheral blood microvesicles[J]. PLoS ONE，2008，3(11):e3694.
[31]Yuan A，Farber EL，Rapoport AL，Tejada D，et al.Transfer of microRNAs by embryonic stem cell microvesicles[J]. PLoS ONE，2009，4(3):e4722.
[32]Brameier M，Wiuf C. Ab initio identification of human micro RNAs based on structure motifs[J]. BMC Bioinformatics，2007，8:478，
[33]Arshad S，Mumtaz A，Ahmad F，et al. Mi-DIS- COVERER: a bioinformatics tool for the detection of mi-RNA in human genome[J]. Bioinformation，2010，5(6):271-6. 
[34]Sewer A，Paul N，Landgraf P，et al. Identification of clustered microRNAs using an ab initio prediction method[J]. BMC Bioinformatics，2005，6:267.
[35]Mizuguchi Y，Mishima T，Yokomuro S，et al. Sequencing and bioinformatics-based analyses of the microRNA transcriptome in hepatitis B-related hepato-cellular carcinoma[J]. PLoS One，2011，6(1):e15304.
[36]Ghosh Z，Chakrabarti J，Mallick B. miRNomics-the bioinformatics of microRNA genes[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun，2007，363(1): 6-11. 
[37]Fiber，F.，