检验医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 332-336.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2021.03.021

• 实验室管理∙论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海地区医疗机构实验室质量管理现状分析

蒋玲丽, 朱俊, 杨雪, 娄娇, 王青()   

  1. 上海市临床检验中心质量管理部信息科,上海 200126
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-09 出版日期:2021-03-30 发布日期:2021-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 王青
  • 作者简介:王青,E-mail: wangqing@sccl.org.cn
    蒋玲丽,女,1980年生,硕士,副主任技师,主要从事实验室质量管理工作。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市临床检验中心学科人才计划(2020RCJH-02)

Analysis of quality management of medical laboratory in Shanghai medical institutions

JIANG Lingli, ZHU Jun, YANG Xue, LOU Jiao, WANG Qing()   

  1. Department of Quality Control,Shanghai Center for Clinical Laboratory,Shanghai 200126,China
  • Received:2020-02-09 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-03-30
  • Contact: WANG Qing

摘要:

目的 根据2019年上海地区不同类别医疗机构实验室现场督查结果分析上海地区实验室质量管理现状。方法 依据《上海市医疗机构临床实验室质量管理规范》(简称管理规范),采用现场督查方式对289家实验室的质量管理情况进行评价,并分析督查不符合结果。结果 289家医疗机构实验室得分中位数为89分,其中通过ISO 15189认可的37家实验室得分中位数为98分。三级医院、二级医院、一级医院、医学检验实验室和社会办医院实验室的优秀率分别为70.0%(35/50)、23.4%(18/77)、0(0/80)、47.8%(22/46)和16.7%(6/36),不合格率分别为0(0/50)、7.8%(6/77)、17.5%(14/80)、2.2%(1/46)和19.4%(7/36)。不同类别医疗机构实验室不符合发生率居前3位的条款均包括“5.6 检验结果质量保证”;其余条款不完全相同,包括“4.2 质量管理体系”“4.5 受委托实验室的检验”“4.14 评估和审核”“5.1 人员”“5.3 实验室设备、试剂和耗材”。结论 通过ISO 15189认可实验室质量管理优于非认可实验室,三级医院实验室质量管理总体情况优于其他医疗机构实验室。不同类别医疗机构实验室不符合条款发生频率不尽相同。

关键词: 质量管理体系, 现场督查, 全面质量管理, 质量保证

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the current situation of laboratory quality management according to the on-site supervision of laboratories in different types of medical institutions in Shanghai in 2019. Methods According to the quality management standard of clinical laboratory in Shanghai medical institutions,the quality management of laboratory was evaluated by on-site inspection in 289 laboratories and the results were summarized. Results The median score was 89 in the 289 laboratories,and 98 in 37 laboratories approved by ISO 15189. The excellent rate of the laboratory of the third level hospital,second level hospital,first level hospital,medical laboratory and nongovernmental hospital were 70.0%(35/50),23.4%(18/77),0%(0/80),47.8%(22/46) and 16.7%(6/36);the unqualified rate was 0%(0/50),7.8%(6/77),17.5%(14/80),2.2%(1/46) and 19.4%(7/36),respectively. “5.6 ensuring quality of examination results” was listed in the top three terms of the frequency of non-conformity in different types of medical institutions. The other non-conformity terms are not identical,including “4.2 quality management system”“4.5 examination by referral laboratories”“4.14 evaluation and audits”“5.1 personnel”“5.3 laboratory equipments,reagents and consumables”. Conclusions The quality management of laboratories approved by ISO 15189 is better than that of non-accredited laboratories. The overall quality management of laboratories in the third level hospitals is better than that in other medical institutions. There is different frequency of noncompliance in varied medical institutions.

Key words: Quality management system, On-site inspection, Total quality management, Quality assurance

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