Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of plasma D-dimer（DD） and platelet-derived growth factor-D（PDGF-D） for assessing intracranial hematoma expansion in patients with hemorrhagic stroke（HS）. Methods The clinical data of 158 HS patients admitted to Dongguan Kanghua Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were collected. The patients were classified into 2 groups，non-expansion group（106 cases） and expansion group（52 cases）. The differences in clinical characteristics，Glasgow coma scale（GCS） scores，prothrombin time（PT），white blood cell（WBC） count，blood pressure，initial hematoma volume（V1），follow-up hematoma volume（V2），V2/V1 ratio，DD and PDGF-D levels were compared between the 2 groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for intracranial hematoma expansion in HS patients. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curves were constructed to assess the predictive performance of plasma DD，PDGF-D and their combined determination for intracranial hematoma expansion. Results The proportion of patients with GCS scores of 3-8 and the level of V2，V2/V1 ratio，DD and PDGF-D were higher in expansion group than those in non-expansion group（P<0.05）. GCS score 3-8 and elevated plasma DD and PDGF-D levels were independent risk factors for intracranial hematoma expansion in HS patients（P<0.05）. The areas under curves for predicting intracranial hematoma expansion using plasma DD，PDGF-D single and combined determinations were 0.766，0.789 and 0.962，respectively. Conclusions Plasma DD and PDGF-D can be used as effective indicators for assessing intracranial hematoma expansion in HS patients.

Key words: D-dimer, Platelet-derived growth factor-D, Hemorrhagic stroke, Intracranial hematomaexpansion