Table of Content

30 August 2026, Volume 41 Issue 8

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Role of combined determination of intraocular fluid immunophenotyping，IL-10/IL-6 ratio and MYD88 gene L265P mutation in the diagnosis of PVRL

ZHAO Jinyan, PENG Xia, LI Yaohua, ZHANG Ying, YU Wenfang

2026, 41(8):  723-728.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.001

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Objective To investigate the role of intraocular fluid flow cytometry immunophenotyping，interleukin（IL）-10/IL-6 ratio and MYD88 gene L265P mutation combined determination in the diagnosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma（PVRL）. Methods From January 2024 to October 2025，10 patients with PVRL（PVRL group） and 10 patients with uveitis（control group） were enrolled from Shanghai General Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The clinical data were collected. The samples of intraocular fluid（vitreous fluid or aqueous humor） were collected for flow cytometry immunophenotyping，IL-10 and IL-6 levels and MYD88 gene L265P mutation determinations. The plasma levels of IL-10 and IL-6 were also determined，and the IL-10/IL-6 ratio was calculated. The efficacy of each index in diagnosing PVRL was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve. Results There was statistical significance in the morphology of vitreous opacity between PVRL group and control group. In the PVRL group，4 cases（40%） were misdiagnosed as uveitis at the initial diagnosis. In the control group，8 cases had typical acute inflammatory signs without misdiagnosis. There was statistical significance in the proportion of acute inflammatory signs and the misdiagnosis rate between the 2 groups（P<0.05），while the differences in the other clinical data were not statistically significant（P>0.05）. In the PVRL group，5 cases（50%） had abnormal monoclonal B cells，and 6 cases（60%） had MYD88 gene L265P mutation. No abnormal monoclonal B cells or MYD88 gene L265P mutation was determined in the control group. The levels of intraocular fluid IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 ratio in the PVRL group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.001），and the level of intraocular fluid IL-6 was lower in the PVRL group（P<0.001）. There was no statistical significance in the plasma levels of IL-10，IL-6 and plasma IL-10/IL-6 ratio between the 2 groups（P>0.05），and the plasma IL-10/IL-6 ratio was ≤1.0. The areas under curves（AUC） for intraocular fluid flow cytometry immunophenotyping，IL-10/IL-6 ratio and MYD88 gene L265P mutation single and combined determinations（with any positive result as positive for combined determination） in diagnosing PVRL were 0.750，0.950，0.800 and 1.000，respectively. Conclusions Intraocular fluid flow cytometry immunophenotyping，IL-10/IL-6 ratio and MYD88 gene L265P mutation combined determination can effectively diagnose PVRL.

Roles of serum PARK7 and sTLT-1 in the short-term prognosis assessment of patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure

WANG Lixian, GUO Na, SONG Ran, CHEN Limi, WANG Xiaojing

2026, 41(8):  729-736.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.002

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Objective To investigate the role of serum Parkinson's disease protein 7（PARK7） and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-like transcript-1（sTLT-1） in the short-term prognosis assessment of patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure. Methods A total of 238 patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure（respiratory failure group），185 patients with simple severe pneumonia（simple pneumonia group） and 185 healthy subjects（healthy control group） were enrolled from the First Hospital of Handan City from January 2022 to March 2025. The patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure were classified into mild（0-10 points） group（65 cases），moderate（11-20 points） group（105 cases） and severe（>20 points） group（68 cases） according to the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ（APACHE Ⅱ） score. The patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure were classified into survival group（175 cases） and death group（63 cases） according to their survival status within 28 d after admission. The clinical data were collected. The laboratory routine indicators and serum PARK7 and sTLT-1levels were determined，and the difference of each indicator was compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between various indicators. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of death in patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of PARK7 and sTLT-1 in judging the death of patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure. Results The serum PARK7 and sTLT-1 levels in healthy control group，simple pneumonia group and respiratory failure group were increased successively（P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the other indicators among the groups（P>0.05）. The serum PARK7 and sTLT-1 levels in the mild group，moderate group and severe group were increased successively（P<0.05），and there was no statistical significance in the other indicators among the groups（P>0.05）. The intensive care unit（ICU） hospitalization time，APACHE Ⅱ score，white blood cell（WBC） count，C-reactive protein（CRP），PARK7 and sTLT-1 levels in death group were higher than those in survival group（P<0.05），and the differences in the other indicators among the groups were not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The serum PARK7 and sTLT-1 levels of patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure were positively correlated with CRP and WBC count（P<0.05）. Elevated APACHE Ⅱ score，CRP，WBC count，PARK7 and sTLT-1 levels were independent risk factors for death（P<0.05）. The areas under curves（AUC） of single and combined determinations of serum PARK7 and sTLT-1 for judging the death of patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure were 0.776，0.787 and 0.853，respectively. Conclusions Serum PARK7 and sTLT-1 have high value in the short-term prognosis assessment of patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure，and they may be used as prognostic indicators.

Relationship between serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 levels in children with refractory Mycoplasmal pneumoniae pneumonia and the disease condition and prognosis

CHEN Yun, HU Lijie, WANG Tingting, YE Shengqian

2026, 41(8):  737-743.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.003

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Objective To investigate the roles of serum peroxiredoxin 1（PRDX1） and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-stimulated gene 6 protein（TSG-6） levels in the assessment of the severity and prognosis of children with refractory Mycoplasmal pneumoniae pneumonia（RMPP）. Methods A total of 103 children with RMPP（RMPP group），100 children with general Mycoplasmal pneumoniae pneumonia（GMPP）（GMPP group） and 105 healthy children（healthy control group） were enrolled from Hengshui Fourth People's Hospital. The clinical data were collected，and serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 levels were determined. According to the clinical pulmonary infection score（CPIS），the RMPP children were classified into mild（CPIS <6 points） group（59 cases） and severe（CPIS ≥6 points） group（44 cases）. The RMPP children were classified into good prognosis group（68 cases） and poor prognosis group（35 cases）. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 and the severity of RMPP. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of poor prognosis in RMPP children. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve and decision curve were used to evaluate the efficacy and clinical applicability of single and combined determinations of serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 in judging the poor prognosis of RMPP children. Results The serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 levels in RMPP group were higher than those in healthy control group（P<0.001）. The proportion of lesions≥2 lung lobes and the proportion of large patchy shadows in the lesion type in severe group were higher than those in mild group（P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the other indicators between the 2 groups（P>0.05）. Serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 levels were positively correlated with the severity of RMPP（r values were 0.586 and 0.537，respectively，P<0.05）. The proportion of lesions ≥2 lung lobes and the proportion of large patchy shadows in the lesion type in poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group（P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the other indicators between the 2 groups（P>0.05）. Increased serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 were risk factors for poor prognosis in RMPP children [odds ratios（OR） were 2.851 and 2.947，95% confidence intervals（CI） were 1.402-5.796 and 1.508-5.761，P<0.01]. The areas under curves（AUC） of single and combined determinations of serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 in judging the poor prognosis of RMPP children were 0.824，0.840 and 0.923，respectively，and the maximum net yield of combined determination was 1 when the high-risk cut-off value was 0.05-0.83. Conclusions The serum PRDX1 and TSG-6 levels in RMPP children were elevated and are related to the severity and prognosis. They may be biomarkers for assessing the severity and prognosis of RMPP.

Clinical value of serum syndecan-1 and Caspase-1 in the diagnosis and disease assessment of Kawasaki disease

LIANG Min, SUN Daqing, ZHOU Nan, WANG Li

2026, 41(8):  744-749.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.004

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Objective To investigate the changes in serum syndecan-1（SDC-1） and cysteine-containing aspartate-specific protease-1（Caspase-1） levels in children with Kawasaki disease（KD） and their clinical significance. Methods A total of 34 children with KD（KD group），32 children with acute infection（acute infection group） and 32 healthy subjects（healthy control group） were enrolled from Xi'an No.3 Hospital from July 2022 to January 2024. The general data and the results of laboratory routine indicators [white blood cell（WBC） count，hemoglobin（Hb），platelet（PLT） count，C-reactive protein（CRP），albumin（Alb） and so on] were collected，and the serum levels of SDC-1 and Caspase-1 in KD group before treatment and at 2 weeks，1 month，2 months，3 months and 6 months after treatment，as well as in acute infection group and healthy control group were determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of KD occurrence. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was used to analyze the efficacy of each indicator in diagnosing KD. Results The serum levels of SDC-1 and Caspase-1 in healthy control group，acute infection group and KD group were increased successively（P<0.05），and the Hb levels were decreased successively（P<0.05）. The WBC count and CRP level in KD group and acute infection group were higher than those in healthy control group（P<0.05），while there was no statistical significance between KD group and acute infection group（P>0.05）. The serum levels of SDC-1 and Caspase-1 in KD group before treatment were higher than those at 2 weeks，1 month，2 months，3 months and 6 months after treatment（P<0.05）. The serum levels of SDC-1 and Caspase-1 in KD group showed a continuous downward trend from 2 weeks to 3 months after treatment（P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance between the 3-month and 6-month periods after treatment（P>0.05）. The increase of SDC-1 and Caspase-1 was a risk factor for KD（P<0.05）. The areas under curves（AUC） of SDC-1 and Caspase-1 single and combined determinations for differentiating KD and acute infection were 0.693，0.809 and 0.849，respectively. Conclusions The serum levels of SDC-1 and Caspase-1 in KD children are increased，and their levels decrease after treatment，which may be used as auxiliary diagnostic and disease assessment indicators for KD.

Diagnostic roles of serum FGFR2 and leptin in short stature and their correlations with IGF-1 and IGFBP-3

DANG Chunmei, LIANG Kun, CHEN Lijuan

2026, 41(8):  750-756.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.005

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Objective To investigate the correlations between serum fibroblast growth factor receptor 2（FGFR2），leptin，insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1） and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3（IGFBP-3） in children with short stature. Methods A total of 130 children with short stature（short stature group） and 60 healthy children（healthy control group） were enrolled from Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2022 to July 2024. The short stature group was further classified into growth hormone deficiency（GHD） group（56 cases） and idiopathic short stature（ISS） group（74 cases） based on the peak value of growth hormone（GH）. The clinical data were collected，and serum levels of FGFR2，leptin，IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were determined. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of short stature onset. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlations between serum FGFR2，leptin and IGF-1，IGFBP-3. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of FGFR2 and leptin for short stature onset. Interaction coefficient analysis was used to assess the interaction between serum FGFR2 and leptin on the onset of short stature. Results The height of GHD group and ISS group was lower than that of healthy control group（P<0.05），and the proportions of daily sleep deprivation and the frequency of weekly physical exercise among the 3 groups were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The serum levels of FGFR2，leptin，IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in GHD group and ISS group were lower than those in healthy control group（P<0.05）. Serum FGFR2，leptin，IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in short stature children were positively correlated（P<0.05）. After adjusting for confounding factors（daily sleep deprivation，the frequency of weekly physical exercise），the decrease in serum FGFR2，leptin，IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels was a risk factor for the onset of short stature（P<0.05）. The areas under curves（AUC） of FGFR2，leptin，IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 for diagnosing GHD were 0.739，0.729 and 0.856，respectively，and those for diagnosing ISS were 0.763，0.743 and 0.863，respectively. The interaction coefficient analysis showed that the low levels of serum FGFR2 and leptin were in a secondary multiplicative model and had a positive interaction in the occurrence of GHD and ISS（P<0.05）. Conclusions Decreased levels of FGFR2 and leptin are related to the occurrence of short stature. They have a positive interaction in the occurrence of GHD and ISS，and are positively correlated with the levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in children. Serum FGFR2 and leptin may be one of the indicators for screening and diagnosing short stature.

Serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 levels in monitoring the condition and wound healing degree of burn patients

FENG Shengjuan, ZHAO Qingyi, ZHOU Limin, CHAI Zhijie, SUN Sihang, SHANG Ayong, WEN Ronghua

2026, 41(8):  757-762.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.006

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Objective To investigate the roles of serum chitinase 3-like protein 1（CHI3L1），signal transducer and activator of transcription 3（STAT3） and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-stimulated gene-6（TSG-6） levels in monitoring the condition and wound healing of burn patients. Methods A total of 85 burn patients（burn group） and 85 healthy subjects（healthy control group） from Linfen People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled. The burn patients were classified into superficial burn group（36 cases）and deep burn group（49 cases）. After 28 d of treatment，the patients were classified into good healing group（32 cases）and poor healing group（53 cases）. The clinical data and clinical laboratory determination results [tumor necrosis factor-alpha（TNF-α），interleukin-10（IL-10），C-reactive protein（CRP），platelet（PLT）count] were collected，and serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 were also determined. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 and the degree of burn. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors affecting the poor healing of burn patients. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 in judging the poor healing of burn patients. Results The serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 levels in burn group were lower than those in healthy control group（P<0.05）. The serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 levels in deep burn group were lower than those in superficial burn group（P<0.05）. Serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 were negatively correlated with the degree of burn（r values were -0.412，-0.397 and -0.365，respectively，P<0.05）. The proportion of deep burn in poor healing group and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation（APACHE） Ⅱ score were higher than those in good healing group（P<0.05），and the serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 levels were lower than those in good healing group（P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the other clinical data between the 2 groups（P>0.05）. The areas under curves（AUC） of single and combined determinations of serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 for judging the poor healing of burn patients were 0.886，0.895，0.894 and 0.979，respectively. Conclusions Serum CHI3L1，STAT3 and TSG-6 are related to the condition and healing of burn patients，and the combined determination has a high efficacy in evaluating the poor healing of burn patients.

Relationship between serum α-klotho protein levels in patients with PCOS and glucose and lipid metabolism

HAO Wanjiao, XUE Huiling, HAO Yumei, SONG Nan, CHEN Yun, REN Xiaopang

2026, 41(8):  763-768.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.007

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Objective To investigate the changes in serum alpha-klotho（α-klotho） protein levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS） and its relation to glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance（IR）. Methods A total of 258 PCOS patients（PCOS group） and 60 healthy subjects（healthy control group） were enrolled from the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from May 2023 to September 2023. The levels of serum α-klotho protein，fasting plasma glucose（FPG），fasting insulin（FINS），triglyceride（TG），total cholesterol（TC），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C），testosterone（T），estradiol（E₂），follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH），luteinizing hormone（LH），progesterone（P） and prolactin（PRL） were determined. The PCOS patients were classified based on body mass index（BMI） and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance（HOMA-IR），including PCOS non-obese non-IR group（62 cases），PCOS non-obese-IR group（59 cases），PCOS obese non-IR group（56 cases） and PCOS obese IR group（81 cases）. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlations within the PCOS group. Results The serum α-klotho protein level in PCOS group was lower than that in healthy control group（P<0.001）. There was statistical significance in BMI，waist-to-hip ratio（WHR），LH，LH/FSH ratio，T，HOMA-IR，TC，TG，HDL-C，LDL-C and α-klotho protein among all the PCOS groups and healthy control group（P<0.001）. The α-klotho protein level in PCOS non-obese non-IR group was higher than those in PCOS non-obese IR group，PCOS obese non-IR group and PCOS obese IR group（P<0.05）. The α-klotho protein levels in PCOS obese non-IR group and PCOS non-obese IR group were higher than that in PCOS obese IR group（P<0.05），and there was no statistical significance in α-klotho protein levels between PCOS obese non-IR group and PCOS non-obese IR group（P>0.05）. In all the study subjects，α-klotho protein was negatively correlated with BMI，HOMA-IR，T and LH/FSH ratio（P<0.01）. In the PCOS patients，α-klotho protein was negatively correlated with BMI，HOMA-IR，TG and TC（P<0.05），and it was positively correlated with HDL-C（P<0.01）. Conclusions The low level of α-klotho protein in PCOS patients is related to abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism and may aggravate the progression of PCOS. α-klotho protein may be a target for the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.

Expression changes of serum miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their clinical significance

YANG Xiaoping, YAN Hong, SHANG Rong, SUN Zhina

2026, 41(8):  769-773.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.008

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Objective To investigate the changes in serum miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p expressions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）and their clinical significance. Methods A total of 109 COPD patients（COPD group）and 90 healthy subjects（healthy control group）were enrolled from Qinghai Red Cross Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024. Based on disease severity，COPD patients were classified into stable phase group（47 cases）and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD）group（62 cases）. The clinical data were collected，and serum levels of miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p were determined along with lung function parameters including forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV₁），forced vital capacity（FVC），peak expiratory flow（PEF）and FEV₁/FVC ratio. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p levels and lung function indicators. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for AECOPD. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p for AECOPD. Results The relative expression levels of serum miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p were lower in COPD group compared to healthy control group（P<0.001）. Compared with stable phase group，the AECOPD group showed reduced relative expression of miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p，as well as lower FEV₁，FVC，FEV₁/FVC ratio and PEF（P<0.01）. Serum expressions of miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p in COPD patients were positively correlated with lung function parameters（FEV₁，FVC，FEV₁/FVC，PEF）（P<0.001）. Reduced expressions of miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p，as well as decreased FEV₁，FVC，FEV₁/FVC and PEF levels，were all independent risk factors for AECOPD（P<0.05）. The areas under curves（AUC） of miR-455-3p，miR-106b-5p single and combined determinations were 0.733，0.842 and 0.894，respectively. Conclusions Serum miR-455-3p and miR-106b-5p are downregulated in COPD patients and correlated with lung function parameters. The combined determination has high diagnostic value for AECOPD.

Evaluation of chemotherapy efficacy in acute leukemia patients based on WT-1 gene expression levels

XIE Xiaoyun, ZU Zhichao, LIANG Hongbin, SU Hengxi, CHANG Wenlong

2026, 41(8):  774-778.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.009

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Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of WT-1 gene expression in patients with acute leukemia before and after chemotherapy and its role for evaluating therapeutic efficacy. Methods From June 2019 to June 2024，350 patients with acute leukemia at Baoding First Central Hospital were enrolled. They were classified into experimental group（175 cases，standard chemotherapy） and control group（175 cases，no chemotherapy or only palliative treatment）. Bone marrow samples were collected at specific time points before and after enrollment. The relative expression level of WT-1 gene was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Blood routine indicators （white blood cell count，hemoglobin，platelet count） and the proportion of bone marrow blasts were determined. The differences in various indicators between the 2 groups were compared. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the international standard. Results There was no statistical significance in WT-1 gene relative expression levels between the 2 groups before enrollment（P=0.132）. For 3，6 and 12 months after enrollment，the WT-1 gene relative expression level in experimental group was lower than that in control group（P<0.001）. In experimental group，the WT-1 gene relative expression level of patients with complete remission（CR） after chemotherapy was lower than those of patients with partial remission（PR） and non-remission（NR）（P<0.05）. The blood routine indicators of patients with CR after chemotherapy improved，while those of patients with PR and NR did not show significant improvement. The disease-free survival（DFS） of experimental group was longer than that of control group（P<0.05），and the survival rate of patients with low serum WT-1 gene relative expression was higher than that of patients with high expression（χ²=69.544，P<0.001）. Conclusions The relative expression level of WT-1 gene in patients with acute leukemia before and after treatment can be used as an indicator for evaluating therapeutic efficacy and prognosis. The decrease in WT-1 gene relative expression level in patients receiving standard chemotherapy is associated with prolonged DFS.

Influence of ADH-1A on the cell biological behavior of lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical verification

QU Haiyan, ZHU Weijun, LI Ningjun, CHEN Fujuan

2026, 41(8):  779-786.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.010

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Objective To investigate the effect of the expression of alcohol dehydrogenase 1A（ADH-1A） protein on the biological behavior of lung adenocarcinoma（LUAD） cells and the correlation with the pathological characteristics and prognosis of LUAD patients. Methods A total of 172 LUAD patients from Taizhou Municipal Hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 were enrolled. The clinical data，as well as cancer tissues and adjacent tissues，were collected，and the expression of ADH-1A was determined. The patients were classified into negative group（111 cases） with <5% ADH-1A positive cells and positive group（61 cases） with ≥5% ADH-1A positive cells. All the patients were followed up for 24 months，and the overall survival time and progression-free survival time（PFS） of the patients were recorded. The differentially expressed genes of LUAD patients were screened through the GEO database and Starbase database，and the expression of ADH-1A in LUAD tissues and its relationship with the survival period of LUAD patients were analyzed. The ADH-1A overexpression plasmid was transfected into A549 cells，and the oe-ADH-1A group（transfected with ADH-1A overexpression plasmid） and oe-NC group（transfected with empty plasmid） were classified according to the different transfection plasmids. The effects of ADH-1A overexpression on the proliferation，migration and invasion ability of A549 cells were analyzed by CCK-8 test，cell proliferation test and scratch test. The survival situation of LUAD patients was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The factors influencing the shortened overall survival period of LUAD patients were analyzed by Cox regression. Results The ADH-1A expression in the cancer tissues of LUAD patients was low（P<0.000 1）.The overall survival time of LUAD patients with high ADH-1A expression was longer than that of those with low expression（P=0.004 7）. The positive rate of ADH-1A protein in the cancer tissues of LUAD patients was lower than that in the adjacent tissues（P<0.000 1）. The total survival time and progression-free survival（PFS） of ADH-1A positive group were longer than those of ADH-1A negative group（P<0.01）. Overexpression of ADH-1A could inhibit the proliferation，migration and invasion ability of A549 cells（P<0.000 1）. Gender being female and ADH-1A being negative were risk factors for the shortened overall survival period of LUAD patients [hazard ratios（HR） were 1.686 and 0.501，95% confidence intervals（CI） were 1.112-2.555 and 0.328-0.764，P<0.05]. Conclusions ADH-1A is lowly expressed in the cancer tissues of LUAD patients. Upregulation of its expression can inhibit the proliferation and invasion ability of LUAD cells，or it may serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for LUAD.

Role of combined determination of miR-100，miR-148a，β-CTX，tP1NP and BGP in osteoporotic fractures

LIU Chengguo, LI Yuanyuan, LI Shaowei, CHEN Kai, ZHU Xianyou

2026, 41(8):  787-792.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.011

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Objective To investigate the clinical value of bone metabolism markers [beta-C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen（β-CTX），total type Ⅰ collagen N-terminal propeptide（tP1NP），bone glaprotein（BGP）] and miR-100，miR-148a in the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures（OF）. Methods A total of 167 elderly patients with osteoporosis（OP） and 80 healthy subjects from January 2023 to November 2025 in Kaifeng People's Hospital were enrolled. All the OP patients were classified into fracture group（82 cases） and non-fracture group（85 cases）. Bone mineral density，bone metabolism markers（β-CTX，tP1NP，BGP） and miR-100，miR-148a were determined. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations among the indicators. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of OF. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of single and combined determinations of each indicator in diagnosing OF. Results The levels of β-CTX，tP1NP，BGP and the relative expression levels of miR-100 and miR-148a in OP group were higher than those in healthy control group（P<0.001）. The levels of β-CTX，tP1NP and BGP were positively correlated with the expression of miR-100 and miR-148a（P<0.001）. The levels of β-CTX，tP1NP，BGP and the relative expression levels of miR-100 and miR-148a in fracture group were higher than those in non-fracture group（P<0.001）. The increase in β-CTX，tP1NP，BGP，miR-100 and miR-148a were risk factors for OF（P<0.05）. The areas under curves（AUC） of β-CTX+tP1NP+BGP，β-CTX+tP1NP+BGP+miR-100，β-CTX+tP1NP+BGP+miR-148a and β-CTX+tP1NP+BGP+miR-100+miR-148a combined determinations for diagnosing OF were 0.899，0.914，0.919 and 0.930，respectively. Conclusions The levels of β-CTX，tP1NP，BGP and the expression of miR-100 and miR-148a are increased in OP patients，and the increase is more significant in OF patients. The combined determination of β-CTX，tP1NP，BGP and miR-100，miR-148a has high clinical efficiency for OF.

Drug resistance and virulence characteristics of Salmonella isolated from sterile clinical sites

CHEN Xinxin, ZHENG Yawen, XU Ying, WEI Jingjuan, LI Yana, CHEN Shuo, LI Hanmei, SUN Wei

2026, 41(8):  793-798.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.012

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Objective To investigate the drug resistance and virulence characteristics of Salmonella isolated from sterile clinical sites，and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Totally，7 Salmonella isolates were collected from sterile clinical site body fluid samples at Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2023 to May 2024. The isolates were identified by mass spectrometry and automatic bacterial identification and drug susceptibility analyzer. Serological typing was performed by serum agglutination method. Drug resistance genes and virulence genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction（PCR） and sequenced. Results Among the 7 Salmonella isolates，6 isolates were Salmonella enteritidis. The determination rate of multi-drug resistance（MDR） bacteria was 28.57%（2/7）. The Salmonella isolates were sensitive to third-generation cephalosporins and sulfonamides，but resistant or intermediate to quinolones，tetracyclines and penicillins. A total of 4 drug resistance genes were determined，including bla_tem，gyrA，sul2 and tetA，which could mediate resistance to beta-lactamases，quinolones，sulfonamides and tetracyclines. Totally，11 virulence genes were determined，including 7 pathogenicity island genes（sipA，sipC，sopE，invH，sseL，misL and mgtC），1 fimbrial gene（fimA） and 2 virulence plasmid genes（spvB and spvD）. Conclusions The Salmonella isolated from sterile clinical sites have MDR，and the multiple virulence genes carried by them may be related to the invasive infection of Salmonella.

Distribution characteristics of virulence genes of Staphylococcus aureus causing bloodstream infections

YU Jiajia, LIU Ying

2026, 41(8):  799-805.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.013

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Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of virulence genes carried by different types of Staphylococcus aureus causing bloodstream infections in adults and children. Methods A total of 91 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from blood culture samples，preserved in the Microbiology Laboratory of Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine，were collected，including 44 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA） and 47 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus（MSSA）. All the isolates were determined by multilocus sequence typing（MLST），and they were determined for 25 virulence genes，and the carriage of virulence genes among different Staphylococcus aureus ST types was analyzed in combination with clinical data from infected patients. Results The determination rates of hemolysin genes hla and hlg，as well as the adhesion-related gene ica，were all 100.0% among the 91 Staphylococcus aureus isolates，and etb and see genes were not determined. Totally，5 adhesion-related genes had determination rates >50%. The average number of virulence genes carried by ST1，ST5 and ST22 was higher than that of ST398 and ST188（P<0.001）. The determination rates of PVL，clfA and clfB in the isolates from children were higher than those from adults（P values were <0.001，0.037 and 0.039，respectively），and the determination rates of fnbA，sdrC，sdrD and sdrE in the isolates from adults were higher than those from children（P values were 0.027，0.033，0.003 and 0.002，respectively）. The determination rates of tst，sdrE，sea and sec in MRSA were higher than those in MSSA（P values were 0.006，0.039，0.042 and <0.001，respectively），while the determination rates of can and clfB in MSSA were higher than those in MRSA（P values were <0.001）. The determination rate of seg in the intensive care unit（ICU） was higher than that in non-ICU（P=0.04）. The determination rate of fnbB in Staphylococcus aureus from implantation infections was higher than that in Staphylococcus aureus from non-implantation infections（P=0.003）. Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus causing bloodstream infections carry a number of virulence genes，and the carriage of virulence genes by different ST types，populations and inpatient wards of Staphylococcus aureus shows significant differences.

Plasma D-dimer and platelet-derived growth factor-D for assessing intracranial hematoma expansion in hemorrhagic stroke patients

MIAO Weiye, Sareguli·abulimiti , MA Cheng

2026, 41(8):  806-810.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.0014

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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of plasma D-dimer（DD） and platelet-derived growth factor-D（PDGF-D） for assessing intracranial hematoma expansion in patients with hemorrhagic stroke（HS）. Methods The clinical data of 158 HS patients admitted to Dongguan Kanghua Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were collected. The patients were classified into 2 groups，non-expansion group（106 cases） and expansion group（52 cases）. The differences in clinical characteristics，Glasgow coma scale（GCS） scores，prothrombin time（PT），white blood cell（WBC） count，blood pressure，initial hematoma volume（V1），follow-up hematoma volume（V2），V2/V1 ratio，DD and PDGF-D levels were compared between the 2 groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for intracranial hematoma expansion in HS patients. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curves were constructed to assess the predictive performance of plasma DD，PDGF-D and their combined determination for intracranial hematoma expansion. Results The proportion of patients with GCS scores of 3-8 and the level of V2，V2/V1 ratio，DD and PDGF-D were higher in expansion group than those in non-expansion group（P<0.05）. GCS score 3-8 and elevated plasma DD and PDGF-D levels were independent risk factors for intracranial hematoma expansion in HS patients（P<0.05）. The areas under curves for predicting intracranial hematoma expansion using plasma DD，PDGF-D single and combined determinations were 0.766，0.789 and 0.962，respectively. Conclusions Plasma DD and PDGF-D can be used as effective indicators for assessing intracranial hematoma expansion in HS patients.

Research progress on heterogeneous drug resistance of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

WANG Yixiang, HOU Yanqiang

2026, 41(8):  811-817.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.015

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Klebsiella pneumoniae（KP） is a common opportunistic pathogen in clinical settings，and its resistance has become increasingly severe. In recent years，heterogeneous resistance of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems，colistin，tigecycline and even novel antimicrobial agents has drawn growing attention. Heterogeneous resistance refers to the coexistence within a single bacterial population of subpopulations that are resistant and susceptible to a given antibiotic，which is often undetected by conventional drug susceptibility testing，thereby increasing the risk of treatment failure. The mechanisms underlying heterogeneous resistance in carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae involve multiple factors，including multiple copies of resistance genes，mutations in bla_KPC，and alterations in outer membrane protein channels. Currently，clinical awareness of this phenomenon remains limited，and detection methods and management strategies are still inadequate. This review summarizes the definition，detection methods，resistance mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for heterogeneous resistance in 产KPC酶KP，aiming to provide a reference for the clinical identification and precise treatment of such resistance.

Research progress on long non-coding RNA in the development and progression of gliomas

HE Yiming, WANG Likang, LIU Wenqing, ZHANG Lina

2026, 41(8):  818-823.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.08.016

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Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system，and its aggressive feature often leads to poor treatment outcomes and unfavorable patient prognosis. Long non-coding RNA（lncRNA） play a role in the initiation and progression of gliomas. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNA regulates malignant biological behaviors such as proliferation，invasion and angiogenesis in gliomas，as well as their potential in auxiliary diagnosis and prognostic evaluation. The aim is to provide a reference for the auxiliary diagnosis，treatment and prognosis assessment of gliomas.