Laboratory Medicine ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 664-669.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.07.008

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Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D,creatinine/cystatin C ratio and sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

JIANG Yongli1, LI Aihua2, SHENG Chenglan3()   

  1. 1 Department of Clinical LaboratoryPudong New Area Geriatric HospitalShanghai 201314, China
    2 Department of EndocrinologyPudong New Area Geriatric HospitalShanghai 201314, China
    3 Department of Clinical LaboratoryChongming Branch,Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalShanghai 202157, China
  • Received:2025-07-15 Revised:2026-03-12 Online:2026-07-30 Published:2026-07-23

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and the ratio of creatinine(Cr)/cystatin C(Cys C)in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients with sarcopenia. Methods A total of 202 elderly T2DM patients from Pudong New Area Geriatric Hospital from January to December 2024 were enrolled. All the patients were classified into sarcopenia group(50 cases)and non-sarcopenia group(152 cases). The clinical data were collected,and fasting blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),insulin,blood lipids,Cr,25(OH)D and Cys C were determined. The Cr/Cys C ratio,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of sarcopenia in elderly T2DM patients. The correlations of 25(OH)D,Cr/Cys C ratio and HOMA-IR,eGFR were evaluated by bivariate Pearson correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of each indicator in diagnosing sarcopenia in elderly T2DM patients. Results The disease duration of T2DM,HbA1c and HOMA-IR in sarcopenia group were higher than those in non-sarcopenia group(P<0.05),while serum 25(OH)D,Cr/Cys C ratio and eGFR were lower than those in non-sarcopenia group(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the other data between the 2 groups(P>0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors(types of hypoglycemic drugs,HOMA-IR,eGFR),long disease duration of T2DM,elevated HbA1c and decreased 25(OH)D and Cr/Cys C ratio were all risk factors for sarcopenia in elderly T2DM patients(P<0.05). Serum 25(OH)D,Cr/Cys C ratio were negatively correlated with HOMA-IR(r values were -0.198 and -0.203,P<0.01),and they were positively correlated with eGFR (r values were 0.196 and 0.185,P<0.01). The combined determination model was established based on T2DM disease duration,HbA1c,25(OH)D and Cr/Cys C ratio. The areas under curves(AUC)of serum 25(OH)D, Cr/Cys C ratio and the combined determination model for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in elderly T2DM patients were 0.704,0.735 and 0.841,respectively. Conclusions Decreased serum 25(OH)D and Cr/Cys C ratio are correlated with sarcopenia in elderly T2DM patients,and they may be screening indicators for sarcopenia in elderly T2DM patients.

Key words: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Cystatin C, Creatinine, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Sarcopenia, Elder

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