检验医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1139-1145.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.12.001

• 论著 •    下一篇

HIV阳性和HIV阴性猴痘患者临床特征及免疫学特征分析

王静1, 张一帆2, 王刚1, 林锋1, 张敏1, 李昕1, 张明明1, 万延民3, 朱召芹1()   

  1. 1.上海市公共卫生临床中心检验医学科,上海 200540
    2.复旦大学生命科学院,上海 200438
    3.复旦大学附属华山医院感染科,上海 200040
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-31 修回日期:2025-06-10 出版日期:2025-12-30 发布日期:2025-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 朱召芹,E-mail:zhaoqinzhu@163.com
  • 作者简介:王 静,女,1995年生,硕士,检验技师,主要从事传染病病原体实验室检测及相关机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    重点国别科技合作项目(202304041101005)

Analysis of clinical and immunological characteristics of HIV-positive and HIV-negative monkeypox patients

WANG Jing1, ZHANG Yifan2, WANG Gang1, LIN Feng1, ZHANG Min1, LI Xin1, ZHANG Mingming1, WAN Yanmin3, ZHU Zhaoqin1()   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center,Shanghai 200540,China
    2. School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China
    3. Department of Infectious Diseases,Huashan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China
  • Received:2024-10-31 Revised:2025-06-10 Online:2025-12-30 Published:2025-12-26

摘要:

目的 探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)阳性和阴性猴痘患者的临床特征及免疫学特征,阐明合并HIV感染对猴痘病情的影响。 方法 选取2023年7月—2024年1月上海市公共卫生临床中心收治的猴痘患者54例,其中HIV阴性31例(简称PWOH组)、HIV阳性23例(简称PWH组)。根据发病至入院采样的时间将所有患者分为0~3 d组、4~7 d组、>7 d组。收集所有患者的临床资料和41项实验室指标检测结果,同时检测血浆猴痘病毒核酸和IgG抗体、IgM抗体、中和抗体。 结果 41项实验室指标中,PWH组和PWOH组之间白细胞(WBC)计数、嗜碱性粒细胞百分比(BASO%)、淋巴细胞百分比(LYMPH%)、中性粒细胞绝对数(NEUT#)、白蛋白/球蛋白(A/G)比值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),2个组之间各项临床资料、猴痘病毒核酸阳性率和IgG抗体、IgM抗体、中和抗体差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在>7 d组中,HIV阳性猴痘患者和HIV阴性猴痘患者之间WBC计数、LYMPH%、BASO%、中性粒细胞百分比(NEUT%)、NEUT#、A/G比值、白蛋白(Alb)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而在0~3 d组和4~7 d组中,HIV阳性猴痘患者和HIV阴性猴痘患者之间各项实验室指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在0~3 d组、4~7 d组和>7 d组中,HIV阳性猴痘患者和HIV阴性猴痘患者之间猴痘病毒核酸阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在0~3 d组、4~7 d组和>7 d组中,HIV阳性猴痘患者和HIV阴性猴痘患者之间痘苗病毒特异性IgG抗体、IgM抗体、中和抗体差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 对于抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)后HIV感染控制良好、实现免疫重建的猴痘患者,合并HIV感染并不会使猴痘病情加重,也不会对猴痘病毒抗体的产生造成不利影响。

关键词: 猴痘病毒, 人类免疫缺陷病毒, 中和抗体, 共感染

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical and immunological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive and HIV-negative monkeypox patients,and to clarify the impact of co-infection with HIV on the course of monkeypox. Methods A total of 54 monkeypox patients were enrolled from Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from July 2023 to January 2024. Among them,31 patients were HIV-negative(people without HIV,referred to as the PWOH group) and 23 patients were HIV-positive(people with HIV,referred to as the PWH group). All the patients were classified into 0-3 d group,4-7 d group and >7 d group based on the time from onset to sample collection. The clinical data and 41 laboratory index determination results were collected,and plasma monkeypox virus nucleic acid and IgG antibodies,IgM antibodies and neutralizing antibodies were determined. Results Among the 41 laboratory indexes,there was statistical significance in white blood cell(WBC) count,the percentage of basophils(BASO%),the percentage of lymphocytes(LYMPH%),the absolute value of neutrophils(NEUT#) and albumin-to-globulin(A/G) ratio between PWH group and PWOH group(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in clinical data,monkeypox virus nucleic acid positive rate and IgG antibodies,IgM antibodies and neutralizing antibodies between the 2 groups(P>0.05). In the >7 d group,there was statistical significance in WBC count,LYMPH%,BASO%,the percentage of neutrophils(NEUT%),NEUT#,A/G ratio,albumin(Alb) and cholinesterase(CHE) between HIV-positive and HIV-negative monkeypox patients(P<0.05),while in the 0-3 d group and 4-7 d group,there was no statistical significance in laboratory indexes between HIV-positive and HIV-negative monkeypox patients(P>0.05). In the 0-3 d group,4-7 d group and >7 d group,there was no statistical significance in monkeypox virus nucleic acid positive rate between HIV-positive and HIV-negative monkeypox patients(P>0.05). In the 0-3 d group,4-7 d group and >7 d group,there was no statistical significance in IgG antibodies,IgM antibodies and neutralizing antibodies between HIV-positive and HIV-negative monkeypox patients(P>0.05). Conclusions HIV-positive monkeypox patients who achieved immune reconstitution and have good control of HIV infection after antiretroviral therapy(ART) do not have their monkeypox condition worsened by co-infection with HIV,and it does not adversely affect the production of monkeypox virus antibodies.

Key words: Monkeypox virus, Human immunodeficiency virus, Neutralizing antibody, Co-infection

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