检验医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (12): 1173-1176.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2023.12.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

HIV/AIDS患者分枝杆菌检出情况分析

代芳芳1, 鲁辛辛2, 于艳华1, 陈铭1, 孙桂珍1()   

  1. 1.首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院临床检验中心,北京 100069
    2.首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院检验科,北京 100176
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-03 修回日期:2023-06-12 出版日期:2023-12-30 发布日期:2024-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 孙桂珍,E-mail:sgzyouanhp@126.com
  • 作者简介:孙桂珍,E-mail:sgzyouanhp@126.com
    代芳芳,女,1986年生,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事感染和免疫相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    科技部基础资源调查专项(2019FY101212)

Analysis of Mycobacterium infection in HIV/AIDS patients

DAI Fangfang1, LU Xinxin2, YU Yanhua1, CHEN Ming1, SUN Guizhen1()   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Beijing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China
    2. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100176,China
  • Received:2022-06-03 Revised:2023-06-12 Online:2023-12-30 Published:2024-02-20

摘要:

目的 分析人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者合并分枝杆菌感染的实验室检出情况。方法 收集2018年1月—2021年12月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院HIV/AIDS患者送检的1 379例分枝杆菌抗酸染色样本、1 975例分枝杆菌培养样本、1 406例结核分枝杆菌(MTB)聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测样本和522例γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)样本实验室检测结果,分析不同检测方法分枝杆菌阳性检出情况和联合检出情况。结果 抗酸染色、培养、MTB-PCR、IGRA分枝杆菌阳性率分别为3.41%、5.47%、5.83%、11.49%。同时送检抗酸染色和MTB-PCR或IGRA时,抗酸染色阳性率有所上升;同时送检培养和MTB-PCR或IGRA时,培养法阳性率有所上升;4种方法均送检时阳性率高,且易鉴别出MTB和非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)。MTB-PCR和IGRA为鉴定MTB的特异性方法,2种方法鉴定结果一致性较好。结论 抗酸染色法和培养法检测HIV/AIDS患者合并分枝杆菌感染阳性率较低,PCR和IGRA可有效鉴别MTB和NTM。临床高度怀疑HIV/AID患者分枝杆菌感染时,建议多种方法联合检测。

关键词: 人类免疫缺陷病毒, 分枝杆菌, 抗酸染色, 培养, 聚合酶链反应, γ-干扰素释放试验

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the determination of Mycobacterium infection in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients. Methods Totally,1 379 Mycobacterium acid-fast staining specimens,1 975 Mycobacterium culture specimens,1 406 Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)-polymerase chain reaction(PCR) specimens and 522 interferon-gamma release assay(IGRA) specimens were collected from HIV/AIDS patients from January 2018 to December 2021 Beijing Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University. The results of these specimens by the 4 methods were analyzed and compared retrospectively. Results The positive rates of acid-fast staining,culture,MTB-PCR and IGRA were 3.41%,5.47%,5.83% and 11.49%,respectively. The positive rates of acid-fast staining and culture were improved,when they were determined with MTB-PCR or IGRA. The positive rate was high when the 4 methods were used simultaneously,and it was easy to distinguish MTB from non-tuberculous Mycobacterium(NTM). MTB-PCR and IGRA were the specific methods for the identification of MTB,and their identification results were consistent. Conclusions In HIV/AIDS patients with Mycobacterium infection,the positive rates of acid-fast staining and culture are low. MTB-PCR and IGRA can distinguish MTB from NTM. When HIV/AIDS patients are suspected with Mycobacterium infection,it is recommended to combine multiple determination methods.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus, Mycobacterium, Acid-fast staining, Culture, Polymerase chain reaction, Interferon-gamma release assay

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