检验医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1072-1077.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2024.11.008

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

间接免疫荧光法、线性免疫印迹法、化学发光法单项和联合检测抗核抗体的临床价值

胡传玺, 刘灵燕, 李漫()   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院,上海 201900
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-13 修回日期:2024-06-11 出版日期:2024-11-30 发布日期:2024-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 李漫
  • 作者简介:李 漫,E-mail:733305@sh9hospital.com
    胡传玺,男,1985年生,硕士,检验技师,主要从事临床免疫学检验工作。

Clinical roles of indirect immunofluorescence assay,line immunoassay,chemiluminescent assay for determining antinuclear antibodies singly and in combination

HU Chuanxi, LIU Lingyan, LI Man()   

  1. Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 201900,China
  • Received:2023-10-13 Revised:2024-06-11 Online:2024-11-30 Published:2024-11-29
  • Contact: LI Man

摘要:

目的 探讨间接免疫荧光法(IFA)、线性免疫印迹法(LIA)、化学发光法(CLIA)单独和联合检测抗核抗体(ANA)的临床价值。方法 选取2022年8月—2023年7月在上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院进行ANA检测的患者4 722例,其中自身免疫性疾病(AID)患者935例(AID组)、非AID患者3 787例(非AID组)。采用IFA检测ANA,采用LIA、CLIA 检测特异性ANA谱。采用Kappa一致性检验评估不同方法之间的一致性。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价不同方法诊断AID的效能。结果 AID组IFA、LIA、CLIA阳性检出率分别为67.5%、52.1%、44.8%,均高于非AID组(36.9%、20.1%、17.4%)(P<0.05)。IFA与LIA的一致性一般(Kappa=0.609),IFA与CLIA的一致性差(Kappa=0.276)。在不同类型疾病患者中,AID患者的一致性最高(IFA与LIA、CLIA的kappa值分别为0.628、0.444),其他疾病类型患者的一致程度最低(IFA与LIA、CLIA的kappa值分别为0.120、0.194)。IFA、LIA、CLIA单项检测诊断AID的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.707、0.662、0.655。IFA和LIA并联、IFA和CLIA并联检测诊断AID的AUC分别为0.711、0.699,IFA和LIA串联、IFA和CLIA串联检测诊断AID的AUC分别为0.677、0.647。结论 IFA与LIA、CLIA的一致性不高,且检测结果不一致的情况更可能出现在非AID患者中。使用单项检测方法进行AID筛查时,应优先采用IFA检测ANA;若采用ANA和特异性ANA谱联合检测,以并联方式为宜。

关键词: 抗核抗体, 间接免疫荧光法, 线性免疫印迹法, 化学发光法, 自身免疫性疾病

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical roles of indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA),line immunoassay(LIA) and chemiluminescent assay(CLIA) singly and in combination for determining antinuclear antibodies(ANA). Methods Totally,4 722 patients who underwent ANA determination at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2022 to July 2023 were enrolled,which included 935 patients with autoimmune diseases(AID) and 3 787 patients without AID. IFA was used to determine ANA,while LIA and CLIA were used to determine ANA specific spectra. The consistency analysis between different methods was conducted using Kappa test. The efficacy of different methods for diagnosing AID was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve. Results The positive determination rates of IFA,LIA and CLIA in AID group were 67.5%,52.1% and 44.8%,respectively,which were all higher than those in non-AID group(36.9%,20.1% and 17.4%,respectively)(P<0.05). The consistency between IFA and LIA was average(Kappa=0.609),while the consistency between IFA and CLIA was poor(Kappa=0.276). Among patients with different types of diseases,AID patients had the highest consistency(Kappa values of 0.628 and 0.444 for IFA with LIA and CLIA,respectively),while patients with other diseases had the lowest consistency(Kappa values of 0.120 and 0.194 for IFA with LIA and CLIA,respectively). The areas under curves(AUC) for diagnosing AID using IFA,LIA and CLIA single determinations were 0.707,0.662 and 0.655,respectively. The AUC of parallel determinations of IFA+LIA and IFA+CLIA were 0.711 and 0.699,respectively,and those of series determinations IFA+LIA and IFA+CLIA were 0.677 and 0.647,respectively. Conclusions The consistency between IFA and LIA or CLIA is not high,and inconsistent results are more likely to occur in non-AID patients. When using a single determination for AID screening,IFA should be prioritized. If ANA and ANA specific spectrum are used for combined determination,parallel determination should be preferred.

Key words: Antinuclear antibody, Indirect immunofluorescence assay, Line immunoassay, Chemiluminescent assay, Autoimmune disease

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