检验医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 383-387.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.04.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

孕早期自然流产遗传学病因及其相关因素分析

郭婷婷, 娄欢, 胡航展, 杨小风()   

  1. 郑州大学附属郑州中心医院妇产科,河南 郑州 450007
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-31 修回日期:2024-11-04 出版日期:2025-04-30 发布日期:2025-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 杨小风,E-mail:yangxiaofeng1932@126.com
  • 作者简介:郭婷婷,女,1988年生,硕士,主管技师,主要从事遗传病诊断和产前诊断相关工作。
  • 基金资助:
    郑州市科技惠民计划项目(2023KJHM0015)

Analysis of genetic causes and related factors of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy

GUO Tingting, LOU Huan, HU Hangzhan, YANG Xiaofeng()   

  1. Obstetrics and Gynecology Department,Zhengzhou Central Hospital,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450007,Henan,China
  • Received:2024-05-31 Revised:2024-11-04 Online:2025-04-30 Published:2025-05-08

摘要:

目的 探讨孕早期自然流产遗传学病因及其相关因素。方法 选取2020年1月—2024年5月郑州大学附属郑州中心医院稽留流产孕妇765例,收集所有孕妇的绒毛或胎儿组织样本和血样本,采用微卫星短串联重复序列(STR)联合拷贝数变异测序(CNV-seq)检测染色体异常和拷贝数变异(CNV)情况。分析不同年龄、自然流产次数孕妇染色体异常和CNV的发生情况。结果 765例稽留流产孕妇共检出染色体非整倍体320例(41.83%)、致病/可能致病CNV 60例(7.84%)、意义不明CNV 42例(5.49%)、三倍体28例(3.66%)、同源单亲二倍体9例(1.18%)。发现2种复发性意义不明CNV(n≥2),其中4q32.3(164718249-164867678)×3发生率为1.18%(9/765),16q22.1(70045096-70166731)×3发生率为1.70%(13/765)。高龄(≥35岁)组染色体数目异常和致病/可能致病CNV的检出率显著高于低龄(<35岁)组(P<0.001)。不同流产次数的孕妇之间染色体数目异常、致病/可能致病CNV和意义不明CNV的检出率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 稽留流产孕妇中有60%是因胎儿染色体异常导致的自然流产,孕妇年龄与胎儿染色体异常密切相关。

关键词: 微卫星短串联重复序列, 拷贝数变异测序, 自然流产

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the genetic causes and related factors of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods The 765 cases of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy were enrolled from January 2020 to May 2024 in Zhengzhou Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities and copy number variation(CNV) was analyzed by microsatellite short tandem repeat(STR) and copy number variation sequencing(CNV-seq),and the factors that may affect early spontaneous abortion were analyzed,including the age of pregnant women and the number of spontaneous abortion.Results Among the 765 cases of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy,there were 320 cases of aneuploidy(41.83%),60 cases of pathogenic/possibly pathogenic CNV(7.84%),42 cases of uncertain significance CNV(5.49%),28 cases of triploidy(3.66%) and 9 cases of homologous uniparental diploidy(1.18%). Two recurrent CNV of uncertain significance(≥2 cases) were identified,including 4q32.3(164718249-164867678)×3 with a frequency of 1.18%(9/765) and 16q22.1(70045096-70166731)×3 with a frequency of 1.70%(13/765). The determination rate of chromosomal numerical abnormalities and pathogenic/possibly pathogenic CNV was higher in the advanced maternal age group(≥35 years old) compared to the younger group(<35 years old)(P<0.001). There was no statistical significance in the determination rates of chromosomal numerical abnormalities,pathogenic/possibly pathogenic CNV and CNV of uncertain significance among women with different numbers of spontaneous abortion(P>0.05).Conclusions The 60% of the cases of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy are due to chromosomal abnormalities. The age of pregnant women is related to chromosomal abnormalities in spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Key words: Microsatellite short tandem repeat, Copy number variation sequencing, Spontaneous abortion

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