肠球菌的有益性和致病性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2023.11.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

肠球菌是革兰阳性兼性厌氧球菌，主要分布在宿主肠道，生殖道或口腔中也有少量存在。临床常见菌属为粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌。肠球菌作为共生菌，在人类和动物的消化系统定植，并参与免疫调节。一直以来，肠球菌主要用于益生菌食品添加剂，或辅助治疗肠道菌群失调。然而，肠球菌可能因其毒力和多重耐药变化导致临床感染，也是一种条件致病菌。肠球菌可从胃肠道转移到其他组织和器官，其毒力和耐药性是影响感染治疗的危险因素。肠球菌基因组可塑性相关研究预测其有变异为致病菌的可能性。文章对肠球菌的有益性和致病性进行综述。

关键词: 肠球菌, 益生菌, 万古霉素耐药, 条件致病菌

Abstract:

Enterococci are Gram-positive facultative anaerobic cocci，mainly distributed in the intestine，less in vagina or oral cavity. In this genus，Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the most common species. Enterococci，as commensal bacteria，colonize in the digestive system of humans and animals participating the regulation of immune. Enterococcus has been used as a probiotic food additive，or as an adjunct to the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis. Recently，the use of Enterococcus as probiotics may lead to the occurrence of virulence and multidrug resistance of the genus，which may lead to clinical infection. Therefore，Enterococcus is also regarded as a conditional pathogen. Variation of Enterococci is positively associated with nosocomial infection. Enterococci have the ability to transfer from the gastrointestinal tract to various tissues and organs，and their virulence and drug resistance are risk factors that affect the treatment of infection. A large number of studies on the plasticity of Enterococcus genome predict that the commensal bacteria may mutate into pathogenic bacteria. This review aims to discuss the beneficial properties of Enterococci and pathogenicity.

Key words: Enterococcus, Probiotics, Vancomycin resistance, Opportunistic pathogen

中图分类号:

R378.1

田媛媛, 贾雄飞. 肠球菌的有益性和致病性[J]. 检验医学, 2023, 38(11): 1101-1105.

TIAN Yuanyuan, JIA Xiongfei. Advantages and pathogenicity of Enterococci[J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2023, 38(11): 1101-1105.

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