关键词: 病毒性腹泻, 流行病学, 病原体, 儿童, 季节性流行

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the distribution and seasonal prevalence of pathogens（rotavirus,norovirus,adenovirus and astrovirus） causing diarrhea in Longhua District Center Hospital of Shenzhen. Methods A total of 1 050 children aged 1 month-5 years with acute diarrhea admitted in Longhua District Center Hospital of Shenzhen were enrolled. The stool samples were collected and determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） for 4 common kinds of intestinal virus（rotavirus,norovirus,adenovirus and astrovirus） antigens,which were confirmed by multiple polymerase chain reaction（PCR） for 4 virus nucleic acids. Results In 1 050 children with acute diarrhea,483 cases of positive virus antigen samples were determined,the determination rate was 46.00%. Totally,595 cases were positive for nucleic acid,and the determination rate was 56.67%. The consistency rate was 75.86%. The determination of nucleic acid positive by multiple PCR was used as the standard. The most common virus was rotavirus（23.24%）,followed by norovirus（17.50%）,adenovirus（9.62%） and astrovirus（6.76%）. Viral infection was mainly in the form of single infection（45.05%）,and mixed infection was less（11.62%）. There was no statistical significance in positive determination rate with different sex（χ²=0.210,P=0.647）,and there was no statistical significance in positive determination rate between children <3 years old and children 3-5 years old（χ²=46.663,P=0.001）. The incidence of rotavirus infection peaked in April,norovirus infection peaked in July,and the incidence rates of adenovirus and astrovirus infections increased in November and December. Conclusions Rotavirus and norovirus are the important viruses in children with viral diarrhea in Longhua District Center Hospital of Shenzhen from 2015 to 2017,and the intestinal infections of the 4 main viruses are characterized by seasonal epidemics.

Key words: Viral diarrhea, Epidemiology, Pathogen, Children, Seasonal prevalence