检验医学 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 787-791.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2016.09.012

• 临床应用研究·论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海地区汉族人群STR位点的选择和优化

赵慧佳1, 顾志冬1, 程蔚蔚2, 陶炯2, 高佳琪2, 韩旭2   

  1. 1.上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院,上海 200025
    2.中国福利会国际和平妇幼保健院,上海 200030
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-06 出版日期:2016-09-30 发布日期:2016-10-11
  • 作者简介:null

    作者简介:赵慧佳,女,1984年生,硕士,技师,主要从事遗传学疾病研究。

  • 基金资助:
    2014年交通大学医学院潜力学科(围产医学)项目

Selection and optimization of STR for Shanghai Han population

ZHAO Huijia1, GU Zhidong1, CHENG Weiwei2, TAO Jiong2, GAO Jiaqi2, HAN Xu2   

  1. 1. Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China
    2. International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute,Shanghai 200030,China
  • Received:2016-03-06 Online:2016-09-30 Published:2016-10-11

摘要:

目的选择适用于上海地区汉族人群特点的常见染色体短串联重复序列(STR)位点,并将位点扩增条件优化成一个检测体系,将荧光定量聚合酶链反应(QF-PCR)应用于胎儿常见染色体非整倍体的快速产前诊断。方法通过48例正常的上海地区汉族人样本的多态性分析,评估位于13、18、21、X、Y染色体上STR位点的杂合度,挑选遗传多态性高的STR位点,优化成一个检测体系,用36例样本[羊水22例、脐血9例、绒毛活检(CVS)5例]进一步评价该检测体系对常见染色体非整倍体检测的敏感性和特异性。同时与染色体核型分析结果进行比对,评价建立的检测方法的有效性。结果采用杂合度测试从28个STR位点中优选出14个位点,分别为D13S258(0.88)、D13S305(0.90)、D13S634(0.92)、D13S742(0.83)、D18S535(0.81)、D18S1002(0.69)、D18S386(0.75)、D18S391(0.77)、D21S1435(0.75)、D21S1412(0.94)、D21S1446(0.58)、D21S1414(0.85)、DXS7132(0.77)、DXY218(0.71),与性染色体定性定量特异性非STR位点AMXY、SRY、TAF9B一同优化形成一个扩增体系。将该体系用于检测36例羊水、脐血、CVS样本,共检出35例染色体数目异常,其中21三体(Down综合征)15例、18三体(Edward 综合征)12例、13三体(Patau 综合征)4例、45,XO(Turner综合征)2例、47,XXY(Klinefelter综合征)1例、47,XYY(Super-Man综合征)1例;余下1例为46,XX(正常女性)。QF-PCR结果与核型分析结果完全一致。结论14个STR位点在上海地区汉族人群中呈现较高的遗传多态性,与性染色体定性定量位点共同构成一个QF-PCR检测体系,能准确检测13、18、21、X、Y染色体的非整倍体。QF-PCR技术能够快速、准确、经济、高效地应用于上海地区汉族人群常见非整倍体的快速产前诊断。

关键词: 短串联重复序列, 杂合度, 产前诊断, 染色体非整倍体

Abstract:

Objective To select common chromosome short tandem repeat(STR) for Shanghai Han population,and to optimize the site amplification conditions into a determination system. Quantitation fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(QF-PCR) will be used for the rapid prenatal diagnosis of fetal common chromosome aneuploidies. Methods Through the polymorphism analysis of 48 healthy Han population in Shanghai,STR heterozygosities on 13,18,21,X and Y chromosomes were evaluated. STR with high polymorphism was selected and optimized into a determination system,and the sensitivity and specificity were evaluated in the determination system by 36 samples [22 cases of amniotic fluid,9 cases of cord blood and 5 cases of chorionic villus samples(CVS)]. Chromosome karyotype analysis was performed simultaneously,and the effectiveness of the established method was evaluated. Results A total of 14 STR were selected in STR heterozygosity test,and they were D13S258(0.88),D13S305(0.90),D13S634(0.92),D13S742(0.83),D18S535(0.81),D18S1002(0.69),D18S386(0.75),D18S391(0.77),D21S1435(0.75),D21S1412(0.94),D21S1446(0.58),D21S1414(0.85),DXS7132(0.77) and DXY218(0.71),together with sex chromosome of qualitative and quantitative specific STR of AMXY,SRY and TAF9B into optimizing an amplification system. The system was used to determine 36 samples of amniotic fluid,cord blood and CVS. There were 35 cases with abnormal chromosome numbers,including 15 cases of trisomy 21(Down's),12 cases of trisomy 18(Edward),4 cases of trisomy 13(Patau),2 cases of 45,XO(Turner),1 case of 47,XXY(Klinefelter) and 1 case of 47,XYY(Super-Man). The remaining 1 case was 46,XX(healthy female). The results of QF-PCR were as same as the results of chromosome karyotype analysis. Conclusions Selected 14 STR show high polymorphism in Shanghai Han population,and sex chromosome qualitative and quantitative specific STR constitute a QF-PCR determination system,which can accurately determine 13,18,21,X and Y chromosome aneuploidies. QF-PCR is a rapid,accurate,economic and efficient method for the rapid prenatal diagnosis of fetal common chromosome aneuploidies in Shanghai Han population.

Key words: Short tandem repeats, Heterozygosity, Prenatal diagnosis, Chromosome aneuploidies

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