关键词: 过敏原, 过敏性鼻炎, 哮喘, 湿疹

Abstract: To understand allergen IgE antibody distribution for different allergic diseases, in order to provide the reference for clinical prevention and treatment. A total of 236 patients with allergic rhinitis, 250 patients with asthma and 275 patients with eczema were enrolled. Western blot was performed to detect the serological specific allergen IgE antibody. The allergens for allergic rhinitis, asthma and eczema were analyzed comparatively. The inhaled allergen detection rate was 41.66% in the 761 patients, and the ingested allergen detection rate was 8.28%. Dust mite(43.10%) was the most common allergen, and dog hair(12.22%), milk(11.43%) and house dust(10.78%) were the other 3 common allergens. The prevalence rates of dust mite(62.35%), dog hair(21.11%), house dust(18.89%) and milk(26.47%) in 11-30 years old group were higher than those in the other age groups(P<0.05). The allergen detection rates of cockroach, milk and Penicillium notatum/Branch spore mould /Aspergillus fumigatus/Aspergillus niger/Streptomyces josamycetinus in eczema patients were obviously higher than those in allergic rhinitis and asthma patients(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in allergen distribution of allergic rhinitis patients and asthma patients(P>0.05). Serum allergen detection might be conducive to identify the allergic status of patients, and provides a reliable reference to assist in the diagnosis of allergic diseases, prevent from environmental factors and make treatment plan.

Key words: Allergen, Allergic rhinitis, Asthma, Eczema