检验医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1108-1112.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2024.11.014

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同甲型流感病毒检测方法临床应用分析

李腾, 贾勤, 孙萍萍, 温冬华, 轩乾坤()   

  1. 同济大学附属东方医院南院检验科,上海 200123
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-15 修回日期:2024-05-20 出版日期:2024-11-30 发布日期:2024-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 轩乾坤
  • 作者简介:轩乾坤,E-mail:xuanqiankun@126.com
    李 腾,女,1992年生,博士,检验技师,主要从事感染性疾病的实验室诊断工作。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市浦东新区卫生健康委员会学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2021-14)

Clinical application of different determination methods for influenza A virus

LI Teng, JIA Qin, SUN Pingping, WEN Donghua, XUAN Qiankun()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,South Branch,East Hospital,Tongji University,Shanghai 200123,China
  • Received:2023-12-15 Revised:2024-05-20 Online:2024-11-30 Published:2024-11-29
  • Contact: XUAN Qiankun

摘要:

目的 分析病原体核酸即时检测(POCT)和胶体金法(抗原法)检测甲型流感病毒(FluA)的临床应用适用场景。方法 随机收集2023年2月20日—4月5日同济大学附属东方医院南院临床症状为发热、咳嗽等疑似FluA感染患者的鼻咽拭子样本56例,分别采用胶体金法、核酸POCT法和聚合酶链反应(PCR)-荧光探针法(荧光PCR法)检测FluA,以荧光PCR法为标准,比较胶体金法、核酸POCT法的检测效能。回顾分析采用胶体金法和核酸POCT法检测FluA的患者的相关临床数据。结果 56例样本中,胶体金法、荧光PCR法和核酸POCT法FluA阳性检出率分别为32.14%、60.71%和62.50%,胶体金法FluA阳性检出率显著低于荧光PCR法(P<0.05),核酸POCT法与荧光PCR法检测FluA的一致性较好(Kappa=0.962,P>0.05)。胶体金法和核酸POCT法样本周转时间(TAT)均<60 min,荧光PCR法则需240 min。2023年2月20日—4月5日采用胶体金法共检测临床样本12 107例,阳性率为34.92%;采用核酸POCT法共检测临床样本7 924例,阳性率为71.02%,相同年龄患者组核酸POCT法检测FluA的阳性率均明显高于胶体金法。结论 核酸POCT法检测FluA 灵敏度高于胶体金法,可作为快速诊断相关感染的检测方法,具有一定的临床适用性。

关键词: 甲型流感病毒, 呼吸道感染, 抗原, 核酸, 即时检测

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of nucleic acid point-of-care testing (POCT) and colloidal gold immunoassay(antigen assay)for influenza A virus (FluA). Methods Nasal swab samples from 56 patients with suspected influenza A with fever and cough in East Hospital of Tongji University(South Branch) from February 20,2023 to April 5,2023 were collected. FluA was determined by colloidal gold immunoassay,nucleic acid POCT and polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-fluorescent probe assay(fluorescent PCR),and the determination efficiency of colloidal gold immunoassay and nucleic acid POCT was compared with fluorescent PCR as standard. The clinical data of FluA determined by colloidal gold immunoassay and nucleic acid POCT were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 56 samples,the positive rates of colloidal gold immunoassay,fluorescent PCR and nucleic acid POCT were 32.14%,60.71% and 62.50%,respectively. The determination rate of FluA by colloidal gold immunoassay was lower than that by fluorescent PCR(P<0.05),and nucleic acid POCT had good consistency with fluorescent PCR(Kappa=0.962,P>0.05). The turn-around time(TAT) of colloidal gold immunoassay and nucleic acid POCT was <60 min,and the TAT of fluorescent PCR was 240 min. From February 20,2023 to April 5,2023,a total of 12 107 nasal swab samples were determined by colloidal gold immunoassay with a positive rate of 34.92%. Totally,7 924 clinical samples were determined by nucleic acid POCT with a positive rate of 71.02%. The positive rate of nucleic acid POCT for FluA was higher than that of colloidal gold immunoassay of the same age group. Conclusions The sensitivity of nucleic acid POCT is higher than that of colloidal gold immunoassay. Nucleic acid POCT could be used as a rapid determination method for FluA,which is worthy of further promotion and usage in clinical practice.

Key words: Influenza A virus, Respiratory tract infection, Antigen, Nucleic acid, Point-of-care testing

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