检验医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 517-523.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2024.06.001

• 论著 •    下一篇

7 803例患儿血清ANA检测结果及其与疾病的关系

高莉梅, 郜秀盼, 曾俊祥, 余悠悠, 潘秀军()   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院检验科,上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-18 修回日期:2024-03-14 出版日期:2024-06-30 发布日期:2024-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 潘秀军,E-mail:panxiujun@xinhuamed.com.cn
  • 作者简介:高莉梅,女,1994年生,硕士,住院医师,主要从事自身免疫性疾病的病理生理机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81873863)

Determination results of serum ANA and relation with disease in 7 803 children

GAO Limei, GAO Xiupan, ZENG Junxiang, YU Youyou, PAN Xiujun()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xinhua Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China
  • Received:2023-03-18 Revised:2024-03-14 Online:2024-06-30 Published:2024-07-08

摘要:

目的 探讨血清抗核抗体(ANA)在不同疾病患儿中的分布特征,及其与疾病的关系。方法 选取2016年1月—2021年11月上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院住院患儿7 803例,采用间接免疫荧光法(IIF)和线性免疫印迹法(LIA)检测ANA。根据出院诊断将所有患儿分为抗核抗体相关风湿免疫性疾病(AARD)组(296例)、其他风湿病(ORD)组(2 314例)、非风湿病(NRD)组(5 128例)、高度怀疑AARD但未明确诊断(UD)组(65例)。根据ANA检测结果分为IIF-LIA-、IIF+LIA-、IIF-LIA+和IIF+LIA+共4种模式,其中IIF-LIA-模式为ANA阴性,其他3种模式为ANA阳性。结果 7 803例患儿中ANA阳性1 550例(19.9%),AARD组ANA阳性率最高(81.8%),显著高于ORD组、NRD组和UD组(P<0.05)。AARD组ANA双阳性(IIF+LIA+)检出率最高(48.3%),且ANA双阳性对AARD的诊断似然比为27.03。在LIA阳性样本中,检出率居前3位的抗体分别为抗SS-A抗体[33.2%(168/506)]、抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体[24.1%(122/506)]、抗组蛋白抗体[18.0%(91/506)]。AARD组常见的2种ANA荧光核型为颗粒型(41.9%)和均质型(30.7%),且以高滴度为主。ANA滴度诊断AARD的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积为0.870 2,最佳临界值为1∶80,敏感性为71.3%,特异性为93.5%;随着滴度的增加,对应的似然比呈对数性增加。结论 在儿童群体中,IIF和LIA检测ANA各有优势,互相不可替代。ANA双阳性、高滴度对AARD具有重要的诊断价值,建议将似然比纳入ANA的检测报告。

关键词: 抗核抗体, 间接免疫荧光法, 线性免疫印迹法, 抗核抗体相关风湿免疫性疾病

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and disease correlation of serum antinuclear antibody(ANA) in children. Methods A total of 7 803 hospitalized children in Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to November 2021 were enrolled. Serum ANA was determined by indirect immunofluorescence(IIF) and line immunoassay(LIA). According to the clinical diagnosis,the patients were classified into antinuclear antibody-associated rheumatic disease(AARD) group(296 cases),other rheumatic disease(ORD) group(2 314 cases),non-rheumatic disease(NRD) group(5 128 cases) and highly suspected AARD but undetermined(UD) group(65 cases). According to the ANA results,the patients were classified into 4 types of results,IIF-LIA-,IIF+LIA-,IIF-LIA+ and IIF+LIA+,in which IIF-LIA- was ANA negative,and the other 3 types of results were ANA positive. Results Among the 7 803 children,1 550(19.9%) cases were ANA positive. The positive rate of ANA in AARD group was the highest(81.8%),which was higher than those in ORD,NRD and UD groups(P<0.05). The determination rate of ANA double positive(IIF+LIA+) was the highest in AARD group(48.3%),and the diagnostic likelihood ratio of ANA double positive in AARD group was 27.03. The top 3 ANA in LIA positive samples were anti-SS-A antibody [33.2%(168/506)],anti-double-stranded DNA(dsDNA) antibody [24.1%(122/506)] and anti-histone antibody [18.0%(91/506)]. The 2 common ANA patterns in AARD group were speckled(41.9%) and homogeneous(30.7%),and high-titer ANA was the most. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve results showed that the cut-off value of ANA titer was 1∶80,and the area under curve(AUC) was 0.870 2. The sensitivity was 71.3%,and the specificity was 93.5%. With the increase of ANA titers,the corresponding likelihood ratio was increased logarithmically. Conclusions Both IIF and LIA have their own advantages in the determination of ANA in children,and they are irreplaceable for each other. Double positive ANA and high titer of ANA have diagnostic value for AARD. The titer-specific likelihood ratios should be recommended as a reliable index to assess the authenticity of ANA assay.

Key words: Antinuclear antibody, Indirect immunofluorescence, Line immunoassay, Antinuclear antibody-associated rheumatic disease

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