检验医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 618-622.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2021.06.009

• 临床应用研究·论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

血脂与老年冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性

王琳琳1, 范君1, 叶陈宇1, 应春妹2   

  1. 1.上海市杨浦区控江医院检验科,上海 200093
    2.复旦大学附属妇产科医院检验科,上海 200011
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-30 出版日期:2021-06-30 发布日期:2021-06-30
  • 作者简介:王琳琳,女,1967年生,学士,副主任技师,主要从事临床检验工作。

Correlation between blood lipid and carotid atherosclerotic plaque in elderly patients with coronary heart disease

WANG Linlin1, FAN Jun1, YE Chenyu1, YING Chunmei2   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Kongjiang Hospital,Shanghai 200093,China
    2. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai 200011,China
  • Received:2020-09-30 Online:2021-06-30 Published:2021-06-30

摘要:

目的 探讨血脂与老年冠心病(CHD)患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性。方法 选取276例老年CHD患者,根据有无颈动脉粥样硬化斑块分为斑块组(138例)和无斑块组(138例)。收集所有患者的一般资料,并检测其总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(apo B)、脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]、小而密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(sd-LDL-C),计算sd-LDL-C/LDL-C比值、LDL-C/HDL-C比值、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)。根据斑块指数将颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的程度为0~3级4个级别。采用Spearman秩相关分析评估各项目与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块分级的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析评估颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险因素。结果 斑块组体质量指数(BMI)、糖尿病史比例、吸烟史比例和血清sd-LDL-C、Lp(a)、apo B、sd-LDL-C/LDL-C比值、LDL-C/HDL-C比值均高于无斑块组(P<0.05),其他指标2个组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。颈动脉粥样硬化斑块1级、2级、3级患者血清sd-LDL-C、Lp(a)、apo B、sd-LDL-C/LDL-C比值依次升高(P<0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,sd-LDL-C、Lp(a)、apo B、sd-LDL-C/LDL-C比值与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块分级呈正相关(r值分别为0.502、0.396、0.475、0.415,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,有糖尿病史、有吸烟史和sd-LDL-C、Lp(a)、apo B、sd-LDL-C/LDL-C比值升高是老年CHD患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险因素[比值比(OR)值分别为2.203、2.147、1.514、1.829、1.412、1.376,P<0.05]。结论 老年CHD患者血清sd-LDL-C、Lp(a)、apo B水平和sd-LDL-C/LDL-C比值、LDL-C/HDL-C比值与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块密切相关。

关键词: 血脂, 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块, 冠心病, 老年人

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the correlation between blood lipid and carotid atherosclerotic plaque in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods A total of 138 elderly CHD patients with plaque were enrolled as plaque group,and 138 elderly CHD patients without plaque were enrolled as non-plaque group. The clinical general data were collected. Total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),apolipoprotein B(apo B),apolipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)],small and dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(sd-LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C) were determined,and the ratios of sd-LDL-C/LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C were calculated. Carotid atherosclerotic extent was graded as 4 according to plaque index(0~3). Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between different carotid plaque grades and serum factors. Risk factors for carotid atherosclerotic plaque in elderly patients with CHD were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. Results Body mass index(BMI),the proportion of diabetes mellitus history,the proportion of smoking history,serum levels of sd-LDL-C,Lp(a) and apo B,the ratios of sd-LDL-C/LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C in plaque group were higher than those in non-plaque group(P<0.05),and the other indexes showed no statistical significance between the 2 groups(P>0.05). Serum sd-LDL-C,Lp(a),apo B levels and sd-LDL-C/LDL-C ratios of grade 1,2 and 3 increased in turn(P<0.05). Serum sd-LDL-C,Lp(a),apo B and sd-LDL-C/LDL-C ratio were positively correlated with the grade of carotid plaque sclerosis(r values were 0.502,0.396,0.475 and 0.415,P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus,smoking,the increased levels of sd-LDL-C,Lp(a),apo B and sd-LDL-C/LDL-C ratio were risk factors for carotid atherosclerotic plaque in elderly patients with CHD [odds ratios(OR) were 2.203,2.147,1.514,1.829,1.412 and 1.376,respectively,P<0.05]. Conclusions Serum sd-LDL-C,Lp(a) and apo B levels and sd-LDL-C/LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios are correlated with carotid atherosclerotic plaque in elderly patients with CHD.

Key words: Blood lipid, Carotid atherosclerotic plaque, Coronary heart disease, Elder

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