快速病原体检测技术在甲型流感病毒检测中的应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2020.11.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究甲型流感病毒（FluA）抗原检测法、核酸检测法和快速病原体检测技术的临床应用价值。方法收集2016年10月—2019年1月西京医院临床疑似FluA感染患者鼻咽拭子样本,分别采用FluA核酸检测法、抗原检测法进行检测,比较2种检测方法的结果,评价快速呼吸道病原体检测技术的临床应用价值。结果 FluA抗原检测法的阳性检出率为9.56%,FluA核酸检测法的阳性检出率为27.29%。每年12月—次年2月为FluA感染暴发季,其抗原筛查阳性率为10.95%,核酸检测阳性率为27.71%;<5岁的婴幼儿、约20岁的青少年以及>90岁的老年人为易感人群;男性与女性比较,FluA核酸检测结果差异无统计学意义（P<0.05）。快速呼吸道病原体检测检出阳性170例,阳性结果207个,其中部分患者为多种呼吸道病原体混合感染。结论抗原和核酸检测均能较好地初步筛查FluA感染,快速病原体检测技术可快速检出多种常见呼吸道感染相关病原体,对临床呼吸道感染患者的诊断和治疗有重要意义。

关键词: 甲型流感病毒, 呼吸道感染, 抗原, 核酸, 快速病原体检测

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical application roles of influenza A virus（FluA） antigen,FluA nucleic acid and Filmarray rapid pathogen detection technologies for detecting FluA. Methods The patients with suspected FluA infection in Xijing Hospital from October 2016 to January 2019 were enrolled for the detections of FluA nucleic acid and antigen. The results were analyzed comparatively. Filmarray rapid pathogen detection was used as well. Results The positive rate of FluA antigen detection was 9.56%,and the positive rate of FluA nucleic acid detection was 27.29%. The period from December to February was the outbreak season,and the positive rate of FluA antigen detection in this period was 10.95%,and the positive rate of FluA nucleic acid detection in this period was 27.71%. Infants <5 years old,adolescents around 20 years old and elders >90 years old were susceptible subjects. There was no statistical significance in FluA nucleic acid detection between males and females（P<0.05）. Using Filmarray rapid pathogen detection technology,170 positive specimens were detected,and 207 positive results were obtained,some of which included multiple infection resulted from different respiratory pathogens. Conclusions FluA antigen and nucleic acid detections could clarify the infection. Filmarray rapid pathogen detection technology could serve the diagnosis of infectious diseases and is of significance for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical respiratory tract infection.

Key words: Influenza A virus, Respiratory tract infection, Antigen, Nucleic acid, Filmarray rapid pathogen detection technology

中图分类号:

R446.1

付晓蕊, 康蓓佩, 徐修礼, 赵峰, 张鹏亮, 周磊. 快速病原体检测技术在甲型流感病毒检测中的应用[J]. 检验医学, 2020, 35(11): 1165-1168.

FU Xiaorui, KANG Beipei, XU Xiuli, ZHAO Feng, ZHANG Pengliang, ZHOU Lei. Clinical application of rapid pathogen detection technologies for detecting influenza A virus[J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2020, 35(11): 1165-1168.

图/表 5

参考文献 14

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FluA核酸检测	FluA抗原检测			合计
FluA核酸检测	阳性	阴性	未检测	合计
阳性	236	615	158	1 009
阴性	0	1 524	1 164	2 688
未检测	1 119	9 363		10 482
合计	1 355	11 502	1 322	14 179

FluA核酸检测	FluA抗原检测			合计
FluA核酸检测	阳性	阴性	未检测	合计
阳性	236	615	158	1 009
阴性	0	1 524	1 164	2 688
未检测	1 119	9 363		10 482
合计	1 355	11 502	1 322	14 179

年龄/岁	筛查例数	阳性例数	阳性率/%
<5	189	58	30.69
5~	127	32	25.20
10~	301	89	29.57
20~	491	149	30.35
30~	464	138	29.74
40~	503	124	24.65
50~	552	136	24.64
60~	502	125	24.90
70~	265	56	21.13
80~	226	55	24.34
>90	77	47	61.04
合计	3 697	1 009	27.29

年龄/岁	筛查例数	阳性例数	阳性率/%
<5	189	58	30.69
5~	127	32	25.20
10~	301	89	29.57
20~	491	149	30.35
30~	464	138	29.74
40~	503	124	24.65
50~	552	136	24.64
60~	502	125	24.90
70~	265	56	21.13
80~	226	55	24.34
>90	77	47	61.04
合计	3 697	1 009	27.29

混合感染类型	阳性例数	百分比/%
腺病毒+人鼻/肠病毒+甲型流感病毒H3型	1	0.59
腺病毒+人鼻/肠病毒+副流感病毒4型	1	0.59
腺病毒+人鼻/肠病毒+百日咳鲍特菌	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+甲型流感病毒H1-2009型+ 乙型流感病毒	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+FluA+乙型流感病毒	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+冠状病毒229E +甲型流感病毒H1-2009型	1	0.59
呼吸道合胞病毒+FluA+乙型流感病毒	1	0.59
腺病毒+甲型流感病毒H3型	1	0.59
腺病毒+甲型流感病毒H1-2009型	2	1.18
腺病毒+冠状病毒HKU1	1	0.59
腺病毒+乙型流感病毒	1	0.59
腺病毒+肺炎支原体	1	0.59
冠状病毒229E+呼吸道合胞病毒	1	0.59
冠状病毒229E+甲型流感病毒H1-2009型	1	0.59
冠状病毒229E+冠状病毒OC43	1	0.59
冠状病毒OC43+百日咳鲍特菌	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+副流感病毒1型	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+人偏肺病毒	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+甲型流感病毒H3型	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+冠状病毒HKU1	1	0.59
人鼻/肠病毒+副流感病毒3型	3	1.76
呼吸道合胞病毒+副流感病毒4型	1	0.59
呼吸道合胞病毒+人鼻/肠病毒	1	0.59
呼吸道合胞病毒+百日咳鲍特菌	1	0.59
呼吸道合胞病毒+FluA	1	0.59
副流感病毒1型+副流感病毒2型	1	0.59
人偏肺病毒+乙型流感病毒	1	0.59
合计	30	17.65