检验医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 775-781.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.08.009

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

急性胰腺炎并发AKI早期预警模型的建立和临床应用评价

高现同, 姚倩倩, 汝丽娟()   

  1. 青岛市胶州中心医院重症医学科,山东 青岛 266300
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-12 修回日期:2024-12-23 出版日期:2025-08-30 发布日期:2025-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 汝丽娟,E-mail:jianyulin5475@126.com
  • 作者简介:高现同,男,1972年生,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事急危重症的诊治工作。
  • 基金资助:
    青岛市医药卫生科研指导项目(2023-WJZD145);2022—2024年青岛市市级临床重点专科重症医学科资助项目

Establishment and clinical application evaluation of early warning model for acute pancreatitis complicated with AKI

GAO Xiantong, YAO Qianqian, RU Lijuan()   

  1. Department of Critical Care Medicine,Qingdao Jiaozhou Central Hospital,Qingdao 266300,Shandong,China
  • Received:2024-03-12 Revised:2024-12-23 Online:2025-08-30 Published:2025-08-28

摘要:

目的 基于临床资料和急性肾损伤(AKI)标志物建立急性胰腺炎(AP)并发AKI的早期预警模型,并对其进行验证和评价。方法 选取2021年1月—2023年12月青岛市胶州中心医院AP患者100例作为训练集,根据是否并发AKI分为AKI组(41例)、无AKI组(59例)。收集所有患者的临床资料,并检测AKI的生物标志物[尿胱抑素C(Cys C)、尿肾损伤分子1(KIM-1)、血清肌酐(SCr)、血清肝型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP)、血清白细胞介素-18(IL-18)]。另选取2024年1—12月青岛市胶州中心医院AP患者30例作为外部验证集。采用随机森林-Logistic回归分析评估AP并发AKI的影响因素,并构建早期预警列线图模型。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线、校准曲线、决策分析曲线和临床影响曲线评估列线图模型的临床应用价值。结果 AKI组应用血管活性药物、机械通气所占比例和急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)、序贯性器官衰竭(SOFA)评分、尿Cys C、尿KIM-1、血清L-FABP、血清IL-18均高于无AKI组(P<0.05)。重要性排序居前6位的变量分别为血清L-FABP、尿Cys C、尿KIM-1、血清IL-18、SOFA评分和APACHE Ⅱ评分。血清L-FABP、尿Cys C、尿KIM-1、血清IL-18、SOFA评分和APACHE Ⅱ评分均为AP并发AKI的危险因素(P<0.05)。基于Logistic回归分析结果构建判断AP患者并发AKI的列线图模型,列线图模型的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.884;预测值与实际发生率一致性良好(Brier值为0.107,校准度为0.811);在阈概率值为25%~75%时,列线图模型具有明显的正向净收益,最大净收益为0.4;模型预测值与实际观测值之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.516,P=0.842)。结论 基于血清L-FABP、尿Cys C、尿KIM-1、血清IL-18、SOFA评分和APACHE Ⅱ评分构建的AP并发AKI早期预警列线图模型具有良好的临床适用性,可为AP并发AKI的风险评估提供参考。

关键词: 急性肾损伤, 生物标志物, 急性胰腺炎, 列线图模型

Abstract:

Objective To establish an early warning model for acute pancreatitis(AP) complicated with acute kidney injury(AKI) based on clinical data and AKI biomarkers,and to validate and evaluate its clinical efficacy. Methods A total of 100 patients with AP in Qingdao Jiaozhou Central Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were enrolled as training set and classified into AKI group(41 cases) and non-AKI group(59 cases) based on whether they were complicated with AKI. All the clinical data were collected,and the biomarkers of AKI [urinary cystatin C(Cys C),urinary kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),serum creatinine(SCr),serum liver-type fatty acid binding protein(L-FABP) and serum interleukin-18(IL-18)] were determined. Totally,30 patients with AP in Qingdao Jiaozhou Central Hospital from January to December 2024 were enrolled as external training set. Random forest-Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of AP complicated with AKI,and an early warning nomogram model was constructed. The clinical application value of the nomogram model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve,calibration curve,decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve. Results The proportion of patients using vasoactive drugs and mechanical ventilation,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) score,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA) score,urinary Cys C,urinary KIM-1,serum L-FABP and serum IL-18 in AKI group were all higher than those in non-AKI group(P<0.05). The top 6 important variables were serum L-FABP,urinary Cys C,urinary KIM-1,serum IL-18,SOFA score and APACHE Ⅱ score. Serum L-FABP,urinary Cys C,urinary KIM-1,serum IL-18,SOFA score and APACHE Ⅱ score were all risk factors for AP complicated with AKI(P<0.05). A nomogram model for predicting AKI in AP patients was established based on the results of Logistic regression analysis. The area under curve(AUC) of the nomogram model was 0.884,the predicted value was consistent with the actual incidence rate(Brier value was 0.107,calibration was 0.811). When the threshold probability value was 25% to 75%,the nomogram model had obvious positive net benefit,and the maximum net benefit was 0.4. There was no statistical significance between the model-predicted values and the actual observed values(χ2=2.516,P=0.842). Conclusions The nomogram model for early warning of AP complicated with AKI established based on serum L-FABP,urinary Cys C,urinary KIM-1,serum IL-18,SOFA score and APACHE Ⅱ score has good clinical applicability and can provide a reference for the risk assessment of AP complicated with AKI.

Key words: Acute kidney injury, Biomarker, Acute pancreatitis, Nomogram model

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