检验医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 13-19.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2021.01.003

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不同eGFR公式与ACR联合应用在肾功能损伤高危人群中的临床价值

徐文俊, 李甲勇, 李会丹()   

  1. 上海交通大学附属第一人民医院检验医学中心,上海 200080
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-11 出版日期:2021-01-30 发布日期:2021-02-05
  • 作者简介:null
    作者简介:徐文俊,男,1985年生,学士,技师,主要从事临床检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(81801582)

Clinical role of combined application of different eGFR equations and ACR in high-risk renal dysfunction patients

XU Wenjun, LI Jiayong, LI Huidan()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200080,China
  • Received:2019-10-11 Online:2021-01-30 Published:2021-02-05

摘要:

目的 探讨不同估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)公式与尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(ACR)联合应用对高危人群肾功能损伤或早期肾功能降低的检出价值。方法 收集850例慢性肾病(CKD)患者的临床资料,包括性别、年龄、身高、体质量、血清肌酐(SCr)、血清胱抑素C(Cys C)、ACR、血清尿素、血清尿酸(UA)、基于99m锝-二乙烯三胺五乙酸(99mTC-DTPA)肾动态显像法的测量肾小球滤过率(mGFR)及基础病史等。分别采用3种基于SCr的eGFR公式(CKD-EPI 2009SCr公式、简化MDRD方程和改良MDRD方程)、6种基于Cys C的eGFR公式(CKD-EPI 2012Cys C公式、Grubb公式、Arnal-Dade公式、Rule公式、Macisaac公式、Tan公式)和1种基于Cys C、 SCr联合检测的eGFR公式(CKD-EPI 2012SCr-Cys C公式)计算eGFR。采用Spearman相关分析评估不同eGFR结果之间及与mGFR之间的相关性。采用Bland-Altman一致性分析评价eGFR与mGFR的一致性。结果 男、女性CKD患者基于SCr的eGFR水平均高于mGFR(P<0.01),基于Cys C的eGFR水平均低于mGFR(P<0.01)。基于SCr的eGFR结果之间、基于Cys C的eGFR结果之间以及各eGFR结果与mGFR之间均呈正相关(P<0.01)。基于SCr的3种eGFR公式计算出的eGFR与mGFR的平均偏差为-4.2~-20.8 mL/(min·1.73 m2),高估了患者的肾小球滤过率(GFR);基于Cys C的6种eGFR公式计算出的eGFR与mGFR的平均偏差为3.7~16.9 mL/(min·1.73 m2),低估了患者的GFR;基于SCr与Cys C联合检测的eGFR公式计算出的eGFR与mGFR的平均偏差为9.6 mL/(min·1.73 m2),低估了患者的GFR。对于eGFRCKD-EPI 2009SCr漏检的G2期患者,eGFRMacisaac和ACR可分别检出79.2%和55.8%的患者,二者联合应用可检出87.7%的患者;对于eGFRCKD-EPI 2009SCr漏检的G3期~G5期患者,eGFRMacisaac和ACR可分别检出43.3%和61.1%的患者,二者联合使用可检出73.3%的患者。在G2期患者中,eGFRCKD-EPI 2009SCr、eGFRMacisaac和ACR联合应用可将检出率提高至94.4%;在G3期~G5期患者中,可提高至91.7%。结论 eGFRCKD-EPI 2009Scr、eGFRMacisaac和ACR联合应用可以显著提高高危人群中肾功能损伤及早期肾功能下降者的检出率。

关键词: 估算肾小球滤过率, 尿白蛋白/肌酐比值, 肾功能损伤

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the combined application of different estimating glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) equations and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio(ACR) in high-risk renal injury or early renal dysfunction patients. Methods Clinical data of 850 patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) were collected,including sex,age,height,weight,serum creatinine(SCr),cystatin C(Cys C),ACR,serum urea,serum uric acid(UA),glomerular filtration rate measured by 99mtechnetium-diethyenetriamine pentaacetic acid(99mTC-DTPA) renal dynamic imaging measuring glomerular filtration rate(mGFR) and basic medical history. Totally,3 SCr-based equations(CKD-EPI 2009Scr,simplified MDRD and improved MDRD),6 equations based on Cys C(CKD-EPI 2012Cys C,Grubb,Arnal-Dade,Rule,Macisaac and Tan) and 1 equation based on Cys C combined with SCr(CKD-EPI 2012SCr-Cys C)were applied respectively to calculate eGFR of all the subjects. The correlations between different eGFRs and between different eGFRs and mGFR were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate the consistency between eGFR and mGFR. Results In male and female groups,the level of eGFR based on SCr(eGFR-SCr) was higher than that of mGFR(P<0.01),and the level of eGFR based on Cys C(eGFR-Cys C) was lower than that of mGFR(P<0.01). There were positive correlations among eGFR-SCr,among eGFR-Cys C,between eGFR and mGFR(P<0.01). The average deviation between eGFR-SCr and mGFR was –4.2-20.8 mL/(min•1.73 m2),which overestimated patient's GFR. Between eGFR-Cys C and mGFR,the average deviation was 3.7-16.9 mL/(min•1.73 m2),which underestimated the GFR. Between eGFRCKD-EPI 2012SCr-Cys C and mGFR,the average deviation was 9.6 mL/(min•1.73 m2),which was also lower than the actual GFR. For patients with G2 stage which were missed by eGFRCKD-EPI 2009SCr,79.2% and 55.8% was detected by eGFRMacisaac and ACR,respectively,and the combination of eGFRMacisaac and ACR was 87.7%. Furthermore,for patients with G3 to G5 stage missed by eGFRCKD-EPI 2009SCr,43.3% and 61.1% were detected with eGFRMacisaac and ACR,respectively,and 73.3% were detected by the combination of eGFRMacisaac and ACR. Compared with eGFRCKD-EPI 2009SCr alone,the detection rate of G2 stage was increased to 94.4%,and the detection of G3-G5 stage was increased to 91.7% after combining eGFRMacisaac and ACR. Conclusion The combined application of eGFRCKD-EPI 2009SCr,eGFRMacisaac and ACR can significantly improve the detection rate of high-risk renal impairment and early renal dysfunction.

Key words: Estimating glomerular filtration rate, Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, Renal dysfunction

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