检验医学 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 975-978.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2018.011.002

• 临床应用研究·论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

川中南地区儿童下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及药物敏感性特征

胡容, 聂滨, 向小节, 丁贵梅, 刘能英, 杨学强   

  1. 宜宾市第二人民医院检验科,四川 宜宾 644000
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-20 出版日期:2018-11-30 发布日期:2018-11-28
  • 作者简介:null

    作者简介:胡 容,女,1982年生,学士,主管技师,主要从事临床微生物检验工作。

Pathogenic distribution and drug susceptibility characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection of children in central and southern Sichuan

HU Rong, NIE Bin, XIANG Xiaojie, DING Guimei, LIU Nengying, YANG Xueqiang   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,the Second People's Hospital of Yibin,Yibin 644000,Sichuan,China
  • Received:2017-09-20 Online:2018-11-30 Published:2018-11-28

摘要:

目的 通过回顾分析下呼吸道感染(LRI)住院患儿的常见病原菌及药物敏感性变迁情况,为临床经验用药提供依据。方法 采用VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物分析系统对6 205例LRI患儿痰培养所分离的菌株进行鉴定,并对主要菌种进行药物敏感性试验。结果 2014—2016年,从痰样本中共分离病原菌14种(2 147株),阳性检出率为34.6%,主要的菌种为肺炎链球菌840株(39.17%)、流感嗜血杆菌503株(23.43%)、卡他莫拉汉菌443株(20.63%)、金黄色葡萄球菌163株(7.59%)。其中肺炎链球菌检出率逐年降低,卡他莫拉汉菌检出率逐年上升。各菌种对青霉素和复方磺胺甲噁唑等抗菌药物的耐药率呈上升趋势。结论 川中南地区儿童LRI病原菌分布有自己的特点,临床医生应根据病原菌耐药变化及时调整经验用药方案,降低抗菌药物使用不当造成的耐药风险。

关键词: 下呼吸道感染, 病原菌, 药物敏感性, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective To review the common pathogens and drug susceptibility of lower respiratory tract infection(LRI) of children,and to provide a reference for the rational use of drugs in clinic. Methods A total of 6 205 patients with LRI were enrolled,the isolated strains through sputum culturing were identified and determined by VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbiology analyzer,and the drug susceptibility was performed. Results From 2014 to 2016,14 species of pathogens (2 147 isolates)were isolated from sputum samples,and the positive rate was 34.6%. The main species were Streptococcus pneumoniae (39.17%,840 isolates),Haemophilus influenzae (23.43%,503 isolates),Moraxella catarrhalis(20.63%,443 isolates) and Staphylococcus aureus (7.59%,163 isolates). Streptococcus pneumoniae had a decreased trend,while Moraxella catarrhalis had an increased trend. The drug resistance rates of penicillin,sulfamethoxazole and other antibiotics were increasing. Conclusions The pathogenic distribution of children with LRI in central and southern Sichuan has its own characteristics. Clinicians should adjust drugs according to the drug resistance changes of pathogens and reduce the risk of drug resistance caused by the improper use of drugs.

Key words: Lower respiratory tract infection, Pathogen, Drug susceptibility, Children

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