Objective To investigate the relationship between serum amyloid beta （Aβ） and chitinase 3-like protein 1 （CHI3L1） levels and carotid artery lesions in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease （ICD）. Methods Totally，298 ICD patients （ICD group） and 300 healthy subjects （healthy control group） were enrolled from Cangzhou Central Hospital from January 2019 to May 2023. The subjects were classified according to carotid intima-media thickness （ITM），plaque score and carotid artery stenosis degree. The general data of all the subjects were collected，and serum levels of Aβ，CHI3L1，glycated hemoglobin A1c （HbA1c），triglyceride （TG），total cholesterol （TC），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） were determined. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between serum levels of Aβ and CHI3L1 and carotid artery lesions. Results The levels of serum TG，TC，LDL-C，Aβ and CHI3L1 in ICD group were higher than those in healthy control group （P<0.01），but there was no statistical significance in the other indexes between the 2 groups （P>0.05）. Serum levels of Aβ and CHI3L1 in normal tunica intima group，tunica intima thickening group and plaque formation group were increased successively （P<0.001）. Serum levels of Aβ and CHI3L1 in mild sclerosis group，moderate sclerosis group and severe sclerosis group were increased successively （P<0.001）. Serum levels of Aβ and CHI3L1 in mild stenosis group，moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group were increased successively （P<0.001）. Serum levels of Aβ and CHI3L1 were positively correlated with ITM，plaque score and carotid artery stenosis （P<0.001）. Conclusions Serum levels of Aβ and CHI3L1 in ICD patients are increased，which are related to carotid artery lesions，or as indexes to reflect the degree of carotid artery lesions in ICD patients.
