Laboratory Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 324-330.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.04.003

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Clinical role of STIP1 and AFP-L3 combined determination in diagnosing HCC

SUN Haiqing, LIU Ning, LOU Jinli, YU Yanhua()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Beijing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China
  • Received:2024-08-20 Revised:2024-12-12 Online:2025-04-30 Published:2025-05-08

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical roles of stress-induced phosphoprotein 1(STIP1) and alpha-fetoprotein-heterogeneity(AFP-L3) in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods From Beijing Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University,between August 2023 and June 2024,88 HCC patients(HCC group),34 hepatitis B patients(hepatitis B group),33 liver cirrhosis patients(liver cirrhosis group) and 26 healthy subjects(healthy control group) were enrolled. An additional validation cohort was established in October 2024,consisting of 17 HCC patients and 33 non-HCC patients(including 15 hepatitis B cases,11 liver cirrhosis cases and 7 healthy subjects). Serum levels of STIP1,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),AFP-L3 percentage,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TB),direct bilirubin(DBil),total protein(TP),albumin(Alb),gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) were determined. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between STIP1 and AFP-L3 percentage,receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic performance of single and combined determinations for HCC,and Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for HCC.Results The HCC group demonstrated elevated levels of ALT,AST,GGT,STIP1,AFP and AFP-L3 percentage compared to hepatitis B,liver cirrhosis and healthy control groups(P<0.001). Age,STIP1 and AFP-L3 percentage were independent risk factors for HCC [odds ratios(OR) were 1.111,1.015 and 1.036,95% confidence intervals(CI) were 1.052-1.173,1.008-1.021 and 1.000-1.073,respectively,P<0.05]. A positive correlation was observed between STIP1 and AFP-L3 percentage(r=0.493,P<0.001). The areas under curves(AUC) of STIP1,AFP-L3 percentage single and combined determinations in HCC diagnosis were 0.870,0.760 and 0.897,respectively. In the validation cohort,the combined determination model demonstrated superior diagnostic performance with the accuracy of 94.00%,the sensitivity of 88.23% and the specificity of 96.97%.Conclusions STIP1 and AFP-L3 percentage show associations with HCC. The combined determination enhances the diagnostic performance for HCC,suggesting their potential as valuable biomarkers in HCC diagnosis.

Key words: Stress-induced phosphoprotein 1, Alpha-fetoprotein-heterogeneity, Hepatocellular carcinoma

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