Laboratory Medicine ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 393-399.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2024.04.014

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Relationship between serum homocysteine,cystatin C levels and cognitive impairment in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis

YU Jiahui, ZHOU Lin, GUO Gang, ZHOU Jianmei()   

  1. Zhuji Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhuji 311800,Zhejiang,China
  • Received:2022-08-23 Revised:2023-05-29 Online:2024-04-30 Published:2024-05-07

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine(Hcy),cystatin C(Cys C) levels and cognitive impairment in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis(HSE). Methods Totally,106 HSE patients in Zhuji Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2018 to May 2022 were enrolled and classified into cognitive normal group and cognitive impairment group according to Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA) scores. The general data were collected,and blood lipids,fasting blood glucose,serum creatinine(SCr),uric acid(UA),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),Hcy,Cys C levels and cerebrospinal fluid pressure,cerebrospinal fluid protein level,cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count were determined. LASSO regression analysis and 10-time cross-validation method were used to obtain a subset of predictors of HSE patients with cognitive impairment,and multi-variate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of cognitive impairment in HSE patients. Smooth curve fitting was used to analyze the relationship between serum Hcy and CysC levels and cognitive impairment. A nomogram prediction model was constructed for evaluating the occurrence of cognitive impairment in HSE patients. The efficiency was evaluated. Results There was statistical significance in age,years of education,the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score,hs-CRP,Hcy,MoCA score,CysC and cerebrospinal fluid pressure between cognitive impairment group and cognitive normal group(P<0.05). Totally,7 predictors(years of education,NIHSS score at admission,Hcy,hs-CRP,MoCA score,Cys C and cerebrospinal fluid pressure) were selected by LASSO regression analysis. Multi-variate Logistic regression analysis showed that hs-CRP,Hcy,CysC and cerebrospinal fluid pressure were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in HSE patients(P<0.05),and MoCA score was an independent protective factor for cognitive impairment in HSE patients(P<0.05). The smooth curve fitting results showed that Hcy and CysC were linearly positively correlated with cognitive impairment. Threshold analysis results showed that when Hcy ≥14.35 μmol·L-1 was increased by 1 μmol·L-1,the risk of cognitive impairment in HSE patients increased by 20%[odds ratio(OR)=0.80,95% confidence interval(CI) 0.68-0.94,P<0.05]. When Cys C≥1.72 mg·L-1,the probability of cognitive impairment in HSE patients increased by 8% for every 0.2 mg·L-1 increase in Cys C level(OR=0.92,95%CI 0.88-0.98,P<0.05). The nomogram prediction model based on independent influencing factors had high differentiation,accuracy and clinical applicability. Conclusions Serum Hcy and Cys C levels are related to cognitive impairment in HSE patients. The nomogram prediction model based on cerebrospinal fluid pressure,Hcy,Cys C,MoCA score and hs-CRP was helpful to predict the occurrence of cognitive impairment in HSE patients.

Key words: Homocysteine, Cystatin C, Cognitive impairment, Herpes simplex encephalitis

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