Laboratory Medicine ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 896-901.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.09.012

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Drug susceptibility analysis of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a tertiary specialty hospital in Shanghai,2023-2025

MA Xu, YU Fangyou, YANG Jinghui, WAN Baoshan, WU Xiaocui()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital,Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Received:2025-06-04 Revised:2026-01-05 Online:2026-09-30 Published:2026-09-29

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the drug susceptibility profiles and their trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) clinical isolates to 12 anti-tuberculosis drugs at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital of Tongji University,from 2023 to 2025. Methods A total of 8 195 tuberculosis patients were enrolled from January 2023 to December 2025 at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital of Tongji University. MTB was isolated and cultured,followed by in vitro drug susceptibility testing(DST) for 12 anti-tuberculosis drugs,and minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) were determined. Only the first isolate from each patient was included. The clinical data were collected. Results Among the 8 195 MTB isolates,64.38%(5 276 isolates) were collected from male patients,and 47.56%(3 898 isolates) were collected from elderly patients(>60 years). The main clinical specimens were sputum(38.06%,3 119 cases) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(28.80%,2 360 cases). Resistance to at least one anti-tuberculosis drug MTB was observed in 30.98%(2 539 isolates) ,with multidrug-resistant(MDR) MTB accounting for 7.99%(655 isolates) and pre-extensively drug-resistant MTB for 4.00%(328 isolates). The resistance rate to cycloserine decreased annually(P<0.05),while resistance to ethambutol significantly declined in 2025(P<0.05). No significant changes were observed in resistance rates to the other 10 drugs,including amikacin,isoniazid and rifampicin(P>0.05). From 2023 to 2025,MDR-TB isolates showed statistical significance in resistance rates to ethambutol,moxifloxacin,ofloxacin and cycloserine(P<0.05). The resistance rate of pre-extensively drug-resistant MTB to ethambutol in 2025 was lower than those in 2023 and 2024. High-level resistance was predominant among isolates resistant to amikacin,kanamycin,rifampicin and streptomycin,whereas low-level resistance was more common in those resistant to cycloserine and ethambutol. Conclusions Between 2023 and 2025,there was no significant change in overall MDR and pre-extensively drug-resistant MTB at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital of Tongji University. However,resistance rates to cycloserine and ethambutol decreased. High-level resistance remains prevalent in amikacin,kanamycin,rifampicin and streptomycin-resistant isolates. Continuous in vitro DST monitoring of MTB is essential to guide rational use of anti-tuberculosis drugs in clinical practice.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, In vitro drug susceptibility test, Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

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