Abstract: Objective　To investigate the application and significance of high risk human papilloma virus（HR-HPV）DNA polymerase chain reaction（PCR）combined thinprep cytology test（TCT）determination for the diagnosis of precancerous lesions.  Methods　A total of 540 patients undergoing TCT determination and showing positive atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance（ASCUS）and above were enrolled and performed HR-HPV DNA PCR，and the results were analyzed.  Results　The number of TCT positive combined HPV positive was 259 cases，including ASCUS 155 cases（59.8％），low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion（LSIL）81 cases（31.3％），high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion（HSIL）15 cases（5.8％）and squamous cell carcinoma（SCC）8 cases（3.1％）. In the 259 cases，the positive rates of ASCUS，LSIL，HSIL and SCC were 18.1%（28 cases），24.7%（20 cases），66.7%（10 cases）and 100.0%（8 cases），respectively. The sensitivity of the combination determination of the 2 methods was higher than the sensitivities of HR-HPV determination and TCT determination with statistical significance（P＜0.05）.The positive predictive values of HR-HPV determination，TCT determination and the combination determination of the 2 methods were 25.5%，11.1% and 28.2%，respectively，and the negative predictive values were 68.8%，59.2% and 40.8%，respectively.  Conclusions　TCT combined with HR-HPV DNA PCR in the diagnosis of precancerous lesions is an effective method. It is an approach for the diagnosis of early cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

Key words: Polymerase chain reaction, Thinprep cytology test, High risk human papilloma virus, Cervical cancer, Diagnosis