检验医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 58-62.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.01.010

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

真菌血流感染病原学特征和预后危险因素

游星兰, 丁卉, 麻丹青, 陈晶, 董泽嵩, 胡晓蕾()   

  1. 丽水市中心医院检验科,浙江 丽水 323000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-22 修回日期:2025-02-20 出版日期:2026-01-30 发布日期:2026-01-30
  • 通讯作者: 胡晓蕾
  • 作者简介:胡晓蕾,E-mail:sherryhu830416@126.com
    游星兰,女,1984年生,学士,副主任技师,主要从事少见病原体检测和细菌耐药机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    丽水市科技计划项目(2022SJZC016)

Etiological characteristics and prognostic risk factors of fungal bloodstream infections

YOU Xinglan, DING Hui, MA Danqing, CHEN Jing, DONG Zesong, HU Xiaolei()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Lishui Central Hospital,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang,China
  • Received:2024-07-22 Revised:2025-02-20 Online:2026-01-30 Published:2026-01-30
  • Contact: HU Xiaolei

摘要:

目的 分析真菌血流感染患者病原学特征和预后危险因素,为临床评估疾病预后提供科学依据。方法 选取2019年1月—2023年12月丽水市中心医院112例真菌血流感染患者,根据发生真菌血流感染后28 d生存情况,分为存活组和死亡组。收集所有研究对象临床资料、感染真菌种类和体外药物敏感性试验结果等数据。比较存活组和死亡组各项指标差异。采用多因素Logistic回归分析评估真菌血流感染患者预后的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估各危险因素预测患者死亡的效能。结果 共分离出182株真菌,分离率居前3位的真菌依次为白念珠菌(82株,45.1%)、热带念珠菌(33株,18.1%)和光滑念珠菌(23株,12.6%)。112例真菌血流感染患者中死亡50例,病死率为44.6%,患者主要分布于重症监护病(46例, 41.1%)、血液内科(13例,11.6%)、肿瘤内科(9例,8.0%)、神经外科(8例,7.1%)。有心血管系统疾病、无外科手术和DD升高、PLT计数降低是真菌血流感染患者死亡的危险因素[比值比(OR)值分别为3.59、0.11、0.98、1.09,95%可信区间(CI)分别为1.01~12.70、0.02~0.56、0.97~0.99、0.99~1.18,P<0.05]。PLT计数和DD判断真菌血流感染患者死亡的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.755、0.739。结论 丽水市中心医院真菌血流感染病原菌以白念珠菌为主。PLT和DD在患者预后评估中具有一定的意义。

关键词: 真菌, 血流感染, 预后, 危险因素

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics and prognostic risk factors of patients with fungal bloodstream infections,and to provide a reference for clinical prognosis assessment. Methods A total of 112 patients with fungal bloodstream infections from Lishui Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023 were enrolled. According to the survival status for 28 d after the occurrence of fungal bloodstream infection,they were classified into survival group and death group. The clinical data,types of fungi and results of in vitro drug susceptibility tests were collected. The differences in various indicators between survival group and death group were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with fungal bloodstream infections. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of each risk factor in predicting patient mortality. Results A total of 182 fungi were isolated. The top 3 fungal species were Candida albicans(82 isolates,45.1%),Candida tropicalis(33 isolates,18.1%)and Candida glabrata(23 isolates,12.6%). Among the 112 patients with fungal bloodstream infections,50 patients died,with a mortality rate of 44.6%. The patients were mainly distributed in the intensive care unit(46 cases,41.1%),hematology department(13 cases,11.6%),oncology department(9 cases,8.0%)and neurosurgery department(8 cases,7.1%). Cardiovascular system diseases,no surgical operation and elevated DD,decreased PLT count were risk factors for death in patients with fungal bloodstream infection [odds ratios (OR) were 3.59,0.11,0.98 and 1.09,95% confidence intervals (CI) were 1.01-12.70,0.02-0.56,0.97-0.99 and 0.99-1.18,respectively,P<0.05]. The areas under curves(AUC)for PLT count and DD in predicting mortality were 0.755 and 0.739,respectively. Conclusions The pathogenic fungi of fungal bloodstream infections in Lishui Central Hospital are mainly Candida albicans. PLT count and DD have predictive value for the prognosis of patients.

Key words: Fungus, Bloodstream infection, Prognosis, Risk factor

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