检验医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 947-950.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2021.09.013

• 技术研究与评价·论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

Xpert MTB/RIF技术在高海拔地区结核病诊断中的应用

赵颖1, 嘎松卓嘎2, 次白2, 刘治娟2, 徐英春1()   

  1. 1.中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院检验科 侵袭性真菌病机制研究与精准诊断北京市重点实验室,北京 100730
    2.西藏自治区人民医院检验科,西藏 拉萨 850000
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-28 出版日期:2021-09-30 发布日期:2021-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 徐英春
  • 作者简介:徐英春, E-mail: xycpumch@139.com
    赵 颖,女,1982年生,硕士,副研究员,主要从事临床微生物检验研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(3332018041)

Application of Xpert MTB/RIF in tuberculosis diagnosis in high altitude localities

ZHAO Ying1, Gasongzhuoga2, Cibai2, LIU Zhijuan2, XU Yingchun1()   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Peking Union Medical College,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China
    2. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital,Lhasa 850000,Tibet,China
  • Received:2020-02-28 Online:2021-09-30 Published:2021-09-24
  • Contact: XU Yingchun

摘要:

目的 探讨 Xpert MTB/RIF技术在高海拔地区结核病(TB)诊断中的应用价值。方法 收集2016年6月—2018年1月西藏自治区人民医院1 759例疑似TB患者各类临床样本,同时进行Xpert MTB/RIF法结核分枝杆菌(MTB)检测和涂片抗酸染色镜检(包括萋尼抗酸染色和金胺O荧光染色),比较2种方法的阳性率。结果 1 759例疑似TB患者中,有100例(5.7%)抗酸染色镜检阳性,254例(14.4%)Xpert MTB/RIF法检测阳性,2种方法阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=628.24,P<0.05)。有37例(2.1%)样本Xpert MTB/RIF法检出对利福平耐药。100例抗酸染色镜检阳性和1 657例阴性样本中,Xpert MTB/RIF法分别检出100例和154例阳性。18~24岁患者2种方法阳性率均最高,且利福平耐药检出率也均最高;其次是<18岁患者。男性和女性之间2种方法阳性率、利福平耐药检出率差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.73、0.80、0.06,P>0.05)。结论 Xpert MTB/RIF法在样本采集当天即可获得结果,敏感性优于显微镜检查,是高海拔地区TB快速诊断的有效方法,可更好地为临床早期诊断TB和尽早制定用药方案提供实验室依据。

关键词: 结核病, Xpert MTB/RIF法, 利福平耐药, 早期诊断, 高海拔地区

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the application role of Xpert MTB/RIF in tuberculosis(TB)diagnosis in high altitude localities. Methods The clinical specimens of 1 759 cases of clinically suspected TB were collected from June 2016 to October 2018 in Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital. All the specimens were determined for Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) by smear acid-fast staining(both fluorescence staining and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining) microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF. The positive rates of the 2 methods were compared. Results Of the 1 759 suspected cases,100(5.7%) cases were positive for smear acid-fast staining microscopy,and 254(14.4%) cases were positive for Xpert MTB/RIF. The positive rate of Xpert MTB/RIF was higher(χ2=628.24,P<0.05). Rifampicin resistance was determined by Xpert MTB/RIF in 37(2.1%) specimens. For 100 smear-positive specimens and 1 659 smear-negative specimens,Xpert MTB/RIF got positive results of 100 specimens and 154 specimens,respectively. The age group of 18-24 years old had the highest positive rates of the 2 methods and the highest rate of rifampicin resistance,followed by the age group of <18 years old. There was no statistical significance in the positive rate of the 2 methods and rifampicin resistance between males and females. Conclusions Xpert MTB/RIF is a useful assay for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in high altitude localities,considering that the results can be given in the same day of sample collection,and it is superior in sensitivity than microscopy.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Xpert MTB/RIF, Rifampicin resistance, Early diagnosis, High altitude locality

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