检验医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 1-7.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2021.01.001

• •    下一篇

胆汁酸谱在肺炎和肺癌鉴别诊断中的应用价值

徐润灏1, 邹琛1, 张洁2, 李敏2, 张舒林1()   

  1. 1.上海交通大学医学院,上海 200025
    2.上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院检验科,上海 200001
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-31 出版日期:2021-01-30 发布日期:2021-02-05
  • 作者简介:null
    作者简介:徐润灏,男,1990年生,学士,技师,主要从事临床生化检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81871613);国家"十三五"科技重大专项(2017ZX10201301003)

Application of serum bile acid spectrum in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia and lung cancer

XU Runhao1, ZOU Chen1, ZHANG Jie2, LI Min2, ZHANG Shulin1()   

  1. 1. Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China
    2. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200001,China
  • Received:2019-10-31 Online:2021-01-30 Published:2021-02-05

摘要:

目的 探讨肺癌患者血清胆汁酸谱的变化及其在肺炎与肺癌鉴别诊断中的价值。方法 采用液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测80例肺炎患者(肺炎组)、108例肺癌患者(肺癌组)和106名体检健康者(正常对照组)血清胆汁酸谱[5种游离胆汁酸,包括胆酸(CA)、鹅脱氧胆酸(CDCA)、脱氧胆酸(DCA)、石胆酸(LCA)、熊脱氧胆酸(UDCA);10种结合胆汁酸,包括甘氨胆酸(GCA)、甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸(GCDCA)、甘氨脱氧胆酸(GDCA)、甘氨石胆酸(GLCA)、甘氨熊脱氧胆酸(GUDCA)、牛磺胆酸(TCA)、牛磺鹅脱氧胆酸(TCDCA)、牛磺脱氧胆酸(TDCA)、牛磺石胆酸(TLCA)、牛磺熊脱氧胆酸(TUDCA)],同时检测血清总胆汁酸(TBA)及肿瘤标志物[糖类抗原(CA)125、CA19-9、癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA 21-1)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)]。采用二元Logistic回归分析筛选指标并建立诊断模型。采用受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线分析各项指标及诊断模型鉴别诊断肺炎与肺癌的效能。结果 与正常对照组比较,肺炎组血清游离胆汁酸DCA、LCA、UDCA水平及结合胆汁酸GDCA、GLCA、TDCA、TLCA水平降低(P<0.01),血清结合胆汁酸GCDCA、TCDCA水平升高(P<0.01);肺癌组血清游离胆汁酸CA、CDCA水平及结合胆汁酸GCDCA、TCDCA水平升高(P<0.01),血清结合胆汁酸TDCA、TLCA水平降低(P<0.01)。血清TBA水平3组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肺癌组5种游离胆汁酸(CA、CDCA、DCA、LCA、UDCA)、2种结合胆汁酸(GDCA、GLCA)及2种肿瘤标志物(CEA、CYFRA21-1)高于肺炎组(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,在所有单项指标中,DCA鉴别诊断肺炎与肺癌的价值最高[曲线下面积(AUC)为0.781,敏感性为73.2%,特异性为77.5%,Youden指数为0.51],诊断模型鉴别诊断肺炎与肺癌的AUC为0.873,最佳临界值为0.52,敏感性为89.3%,特异性为75.4%。结论 胆汁酸谱的变化与肺部疾病的发生有一定关系。胆汁酸谱有成为肺癌诊断标志物的潜能。

关键词: 胆汁酸谱, 肿瘤标志物, 液相色谱-串联质谱法, 肺癌, 肺炎

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the changes of serum bile acid spectrum in patients with lung cancer and its value in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia and lung cancer. Methods Serum bile acid spectrum of 80 patients with pneumonia(pneumonia group),108 patients with lung cancer(lung cancer group) and 106 healthy subjects(healthy control group) were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),including 5 free bile acids [cholic acid(CA),chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA),deoxycholic acid(DCA),lithocholic acid(LCA),ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)] and 10 conjugated bile acids [glycocholic acid(GCA),glycochenodeoxycholic acid(GCDCA),glycodesoxycholic acid(GDCA),glycolithocholic acid(GLCA),glycoursodeoxycholic acid(GUDCA),taurocholic acid(TCA),taurochenodeoxycholic acid(TCDCA),taurodeoxycholic acid(TDCA),taurolithocholic acid(TLCA)and tauroursodeoxycholic acid(TUDCA)]. Serum total bile acid(TBA) and tumor markers,such as carbohydrate antigen(CA) 125,CA19-9,carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA 21-1) and neuron specific enolase(NSE),were also determined. Logistic regression was used to screen items,and the diagnosis model was established. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze the performance of these items and diagnosis model in the differential diagnostic of pneumonia and lung cancer. Results Compared with healthy control group,the levels of DCA,LCA,UDCA,GDCA,GLCA,TDCA,and TLCA decreased in pneumonia group(P<0.01),while GCDCA and TCDCA increased(P<0.01); CA,CDCA,GCDCA,and TCDCA increased in lung cancer group(P<0.01),while TDCA and TLCA decreased(P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in the level of serum TBA among the 3 groups(P>0.05). The levels of CA,CDCA,DCA,LCA,UDCA,GDCA,GLCA,CEA,and CYFRA21-1 in lung cancer group were significantly higher than those in pneumonia group(P<0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that DCA had the best performance in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia and lung cancer among all the single items [the area under curve(AUC) of 0.781,the sensitivity of 73.2%,the specificity of 77.5% and the Youden index of 0.51]. The diagnosis model had good performance with the AUC of 0.873,the optimal cut-off value of 0.52,the sensitivity of 89.3% and the specificity of 75.4%. Conclusion The changes of bile acid spectrum are closely associated with the occurrence of lung diseases. Bile acid spectrum is potential as diagnostic markers for lung cancer.

Key words: Bile acid spectrum, Tumor marker, Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, Lung cancer, Pneumonia

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