Laboratory Medicine ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 560-565.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.06.007

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Role of combined determination of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody and urine protein markers in the diagnosis of primary membranous nephropathy

WANG Wenjuan, JIN Jizhi, ZHANG Chunxu, LIU Hua()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratorythe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200233, China
  • Received:2025-01-09 Revised:2025-12-17 Online:2026-06-30 Published:2026-07-01

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the role of combined determination of serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody(PLA2R-Ab) and urine protein markers in the diagnosis of primary membranous nephropathy(PMN). Methods Totally,61 patients with PMN at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from July 2023 to March 2024,49 patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN),156 patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN) and 42 patients with other glomerular diseases were enrolled. Serum PLA2R-Ab,IgG4,urine alpha1-microglobulin(α1-MG),immunoglobulin G(IgG),transferrin(TF),microalbumin(mAlb),creatinine(Cr),red blood cell(RBC) count,urine protein and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio(ACR),24 h urine mAlb and 24 h urine protein were determined and calculated. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between PLA2R-Ab and renal function indicators. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of PMN occurrence. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of each indicator in diagnosing PMN. Results There was statistical significance in serum PLA2R-Ab,urine mAlb,urine TF,urine IgG,ACR and urine RBC count among PMN group,IgAN group,DN group and other glomerular disease group(P<0.05),while there was no statistical significance in serum IgG4 levels(P>0.05). In PLA2R-Ab-positive PMN patients,serum PLA2R-Ab level was positively correlated with ACR and urine IgG(r values were 0.239 and 0.228,P<0.05). Urine IgG,urine TF and serum PLA2R-Ab were independent risk factors for PMN occurrence [odds ratios(OR) were 0.994,1.012 and 1.358,95% confidence intervals(CI) were 0.990-0.999,1.006-1.017 and 1.039-1.774,P<0.05]. The areas under curves(AUC) of single and combined determinations of urine IgG,urine TF and serum PLA2R-Ab for diagnosing PMN were 0.650,0.814,0.858 and 0.953,respectively. Conclusions Serum PLA2R-Ab,urine IgG and urine TF are related to the occurrence of PMN,and the combined determination of the 3 indicators can improve the diagnostic efficacy of PMN.

Key words: Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody, Transferrin, Immunoglobulin G, Urine, Primary membranous nephropathy

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