Research progress of miRNA in urine as a biomarker for common malignant tumors

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2023.01.020

Abstract

Abstract:

The comprehensive treatment effect of the majority of patients with advanced cancers is still desirable，so the early diagnosis of cancers is important. MicroRNAs（miRNA）are a class of non-coding small RNAs that exist widely and have various biological functions. More and more studies have shown that the dysregulated expression of specific miRNA caused by genetic or epigenetic changes plays a role in carcinogenesis，malignant progression. In view of the fact that miRNA can stably exist in blood，urine，cerebrospinal fluid，saliva and other biological fluids or secretions. Compared with blood and other fluid-based biopsies，urine-based biopsies have the advantages of easy handling and non-invasive sampling，so the research of urinary miRNA as a potential new tumor molecular marker has attracted more and more attention. This review summarizes the research progress of urinary miRNA as a non-invasive biomarker in the recent years. It makes a preliminary prospect for its possible clinical application in the future，and puts forward some urgent problems to be solved，so as to provide useful enlightenment for future related research.

Key words: MicroRNA, Malignant tumor, Biomarker, Urine

CLC Number:

R393

WU Yating, LI Zhuolin, LEI Yan, JIA Ruxue, ZHANG Shenghang, WANG Shuiliang. Research progress of miRNA in urine as a biomarker for common malignant tumors[J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2023, 38(1): 94-99.

Figures/Tables 1

References 35

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肿瘤类型	表达上调	表达下调	分子机制	诊断意义	参考文献
泌尿系统肿瘤
肾细胞癌		miR-200a	促肿瘤生长	明确	[3]
	miR-210-3p		影响染色体稳定性	未明确	[5]
膀胱癌	miR-183	miR-125b、miR-145和miR-221	促细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移	明确	[7]
		miR-143、miR-133a	促细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移	明确	[8]
前列腺癌	miR-21-5p、miR-141-3p、miR-375和miR-574-3p		促细胞增殖	明确	[10]
		miR-320a	促细胞侵袭和迁移	未明确	[11]
消化系统肿瘤
食管癌	miR-1273f、miR-619-5p、miR-150-3p、miR-4327和miR-3135b		促细胞增殖	明确	[13]
胃癌	miR-21-5p		促细胞增殖	未明确	[14]
	miR-6807-5p、miR-6856-5p		机制未明	明确	[15]
胰腺癌	miR-1246		调控细胞周期	明确	[18]
丙型肝炎后HCC	miR-618	miR-650	激活PI3K信号通路	明确	[19]
生殖系统肿瘤
乳腺癌	miR-155	miR-21、miR-125b和miR-451、	激活PI3K信号通路	明确	[21]
	miR-424	miR-423、miR-660和let7-i	调控细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力	明确	[27]
宫颈癌	miR-21-5p、miR-199-5p、miR-155-5p	miR-34a-5p、miR-145-5p、miR-218-5p	调控肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭和血管生成	明确	[28]
卵巢浆液性腺癌	miR-30a-5p		机制未明	明确	[29]
子宫内膜癌	miR-223		机制未明	未明确	[30]
其他肿瘤
多发性骨髓瘤		miR-134-5p、miR-6500-5p、miR-548q和miR-548y	机制未明	明确	[33]

肿瘤类型	表达上调	表达下调	分子机制	诊断意义	参考文献
泌尿系统肿瘤
肾细胞癌		miR-200a	促肿瘤生长	明确	[3]
	miR-210-3p		影响染色体稳定性	未明确	[5]
膀胱癌	miR-183	miR-125b、miR-145和miR-221	促细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移	明确	[7]
		miR-143、miR-133a	促细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移	明确	[8]
前列腺癌	miR-21-5p、miR-141-3p、miR-375和miR-574-3p		促细胞增殖	明确	[10]
		miR-320a	促细胞侵袭和迁移	未明确	[11]
消化系统肿瘤
食管癌	miR-1273f、miR-619-5p、miR-150-3p、miR-4327和miR-3135b		促细胞增殖	明确	[13]
胃癌	miR-21-5p		促细胞增殖	未明确	[14]
	miR-6807-5p、miR-6856-5p		机制未明	明确	[15]
胰腺癌	miR-1246		调控细胞周期	明确	[18]
丙型肝炎后HCC	miR-618	miR-650	激活PI3K信号通路	明确	[19]
生殖系统肿瘤
乳腺癌	miR-155	miR-21、miR-125b和miR-451、	激活PI3K信号通路	明确	[21]
	miR-424	miR-423、miR-660和let7-i	调控细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力	明确	[27]
宫颈癌	miR-21-5p、miR-199-5p、miR-155-5p	miR-34a-5p、miR-145-5p、miR-218-5p	调控肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭和血管生成	明确	[28]
卵巢浆液性腺癌	miR-30a-5p		机制未明	明确	[29]
子宫内膜癌	miR-223		机制未明	未明确	[30]
其他肿瘤
多发性骨髓瘤		miR-134-5p、miR-6500-5p、miR-548q和miR-548y	机制未明	明确	[33]