Laboratory Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 377-382.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.04.011

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Clinical roles of serum GDF15 and YKL-40 in elderly patients with gallbladder cancer

ZHENG Yong, LÜ Lei, HE Kai   

  1. Department of General Surgery,Dujiangyan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Dujiangyan 611830,Sichuan,China
  • Received:2023-06-26 Revised:2024-09-24 Online:2025-04-30 Published:2025-05-08

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15) and chitinase protein-40(YKL-40) in serum of elderly patients with gallbladder cancer.Methods From October 2021 to February 2023,89 elderly patients with gallbladder cancer(gallbladder cancer group) and 74 elderly patients with gallbladder adenoma-like polyps(benign control group) were enrolled from Dujiangyan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital. The clinical data were collected from all the patients,and serum levels of GDF15,YKL-40 and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9) were determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of gallbladder cancer occurrence. The diagnostic efficacy of various indicators for gallbladder cancer was assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves.Results The serum levels of GDF15,YKL-40 and CA19-9 in patients with gallbladder cancer were higher than those in benign control group(P<0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed in serum GDF15,YKL-40 and CA19-9 levels among gallbladder cancer patients with different levels of differentiation,TNM staging and lymphatic metastasis(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in serum GDF15,YKL-40 and CA19-9 levels among gallbladder cancer patients with different pathological types and tumor diameters(P>0.05). Smoking history,gallbladder adenoma,gallstones,GDF15,YKL-40 and CA19-9 were risk factors for gallbladder cancer(P<0.05). The areas under curves(AUC) for single and combined determinations of serum GDF15,YKL-40 and CA19-9 for the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer were 0.781,0.814,0.827 and 0.930,respectively. The AUC for the diagnosis of early(stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ) gallbladder cancer were 0.754,0.745,0.793 and 0.886,respectively.Conclusions The serum levels of GDF15 and YKL-40 in patients with gallbladder cancer are elevated. The combined determinations of GDF15 and YKL-40 with CA19-9 has high diagnostic value for gallbladder cancer.

Key words: Growth differentiation factor 15, Chitinase protein-40, Carbohydrate antigen 19-9, Gallbladder cancer, Elder

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