Laboratory Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 171-177.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.02.012

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Molecular epidemiological analysis of patients with increased stomatocytes and giant platelets in peripheral blood

ZHOU Jiakuan1, GUO Ping1, CAI Qi1, YANG Mingkang1, HUANG Zhixi1, XUE Yilun1, HUA Renxiang1, LIN Han1, LI Jiaming2, WANG Jianbiao1()   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China
    2. Department of Blood Transfusion,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China
  • Received:2024-05-03 Revised:2024-10-19 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-03-07

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the molecular epidemiology of patients with increased stomatocytes and giant platelets in periheral blood. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 30 patients with increased stomatocytes and giant platelets at Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from 2022 to 2023 for whole blood cell count and whole-exome sequencing. The clinical data,basic medical history and sequencing results were collected,the gene mutations of each patient were comprehensively analyzed,and their causes of phenotypic formations were determined. Results Totally,26 patients were accompanied by thrombocytopenia,and 22 patients were accompanied by various degrees of anemia. The sequencing results showed that 8 patients carried mutations in ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes,which were related to phytosterolemia,including 3 homozygous mutations in ABCG5,1 homozygous mutation in ABCG8,2 complex heterozygous mutations in ABCG8 and 2 heterozygous mutations in ABCG5. Totally,5 patients carried heterozygous mutations in PIEZO1 and ABCB6 genes,which were related to hereditary stomatocytosis(HST). Totally,2 patients carried mutations in LDLR and LDLRAP1 genes,which were related to familial hypercholesterolemia(FH),including 1 heterozygous mutation in LDLR and 1 homozygous mutation in LDLRAP1. Totally,1 patient carried heterozygous mutations in ABCA1 genes,which was related to lipid metabolism. Totally,2 patients carried mutations in SPTA1 and SPTB genes,which were related to hereditary spherocytosis,and one of them carried mutations in both genes simultaneously. Totally,3 patients carried complex heterozygous mutations in RASGRP2,TUBB1 and MYH9 genes,which were related to platelet function,and 2 patients carried complex heterozygous mutations in RASGRP2 and TUBB1,respectively. The other 9 patients carried gene mutations that did not conform to the phenotypes. Conclusions Hereditary gene mutations or secondary factors can lead to stomatocytes with giant platelets. When patients have similar morphological changes,it may point to a variety of different diseases. Timely gene screening and comprehensive analysis of the possible pathogeny are needed.

Key words: Stomatocyte, Giant platelet, Hereditary disease, Gene mutation, Whole-exome sequencing

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