肺炎链球菌临床研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.02.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

肺炎链球菌（Sp）可引起社区获得性感染，是院外感染居首位的条件致病菌，也是引起社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的重要病原体。Sp感染可引起肺炎、中耳炎、脑膜炎、血流感染等疾病，其致病机制主要与荚膜多糖（CPS）、溶血素、蛋白酶、生物膜、过氧化氢等有关。随着广谱抗菌药物和免疫抑制剂的普遍应用，耐青霉素和多重耐药菌株逐渐增多，Sp耐药情况日益严重，给临床诊疗带来较大障碍。Sp感染的治疗建议首选青霉素，而Sp耐药的主要原因是青霉素结合蛋白（PBP）突变。文章对Sp临床研究进展进行综述。

关键词: 肺炎链球菌, 致病机制, 耐药

Abstract:

Streptococcus pneumoniae（Sp） can cause community-acquired infection，it is the first opportunistic pathogen of out-of-hospital infection，and it is an important pathogen causing community-acquired pneumonia（CAP）. Sp infection can cause pneumonia，otitis media，meningitis，bloodstream infection and other diseases. The pathogenic mechanism of Sp is mainly related to capsular polysaccharide（CPS），hemolysin，protease，biofilm，hydrogen peroxide and so on. At present，with the widespread application of broad-spectrum antimicrobials and immune agents and the increase of penicillin-resistant and multi-drug resistant isolates，the drug resistance is becoming increasingly serious. The main reason for Sp drug resistance is the mutation of penicillin-binding protein（PBP），which causes great obstacles to clinical diagnosis and treatment. For the antimicrobial treatment of Sp infection，penicillin is recommended as the first choice. The review focuses on the research progress of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Key words: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pathogenic mechanism, Drug resistance

中图分类号:

R378.1

杨程帆, 韩亮, 李伟霞, 史简, 李雪, 陆书华. 肺炎链球菌临床研究进展[J]. 检验医学, 2026, 41(2): 196-201.

YANG Chengfan, HAN Liang, LI Weixia, SHI Jian, LI Xue, LU Shuhua. Research progress of Streptococcus pneumoniae[J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2026, 41(2): 196-201.

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