检验医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 841-847.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.09.003

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于炎症指标构建抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者预后不良风险评估模型

袁昳玮, 王艺文, 费张莉, 黄湾   

  1. 嘉兴市第一人民医院风湿免疫科,浙江 嘉兴 314000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-26 修回日期:2025-02-02 出版日期:2025-09-30 发布日期:2025-09-30
  • 作者简介:袁昳玮,女,1989年生,硕士,主治医师,主要从事类风湿关节炎和骨关节炎的诊治工作。

Establishment of a risk assessment model for predicting the prognosis of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia based on inflammatory indicators

YUAN Xiwei, WANG Yiwen, FEI Zhangli, HUANG Wan   

  1. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the First People's Hospital of Jiaxing,Jiaxing 314000,Zhejiang,China
  • Received:2024-06-26 Revised:2025-02-02 Online:2025-09-30 Published:2025-09-30

摘要:

目的 基于炎症指标构建预测抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(MDA5)抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者预后不良风险的列线图模型,并评价其效能。方法 选取2022年2月—2023年10月嘉兴市第一人民医院抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者107例,根据治疗6个月后的预后情况分为预后良好组(76例)和预后不良组(31例)。收集所有患者的临床资料,并检测红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血清铁蛋白(FER)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白蛋白,计算中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值(MLR)、全身免疫炎症指数(SII)、C反应蛋白/白蛋白比值(CAR) 。采用Spearman相关分析评估各项指标与抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者预后不良的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析评估抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者预后不良的影响因素。构建列线图模型,并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线、决策曲线、校准曲线和Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验评估其效能。结果 预后不良组ESR、NLR、SII、FER、CRP、CAR均显著高于预后良好组(P<0.001),2个组之间MLR、IL-6差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。抗MDA5抗体+++、ESR、NLR、SII、FER、CRP、CAR 均与抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者预后不良呈正相关(P<0.05)。SII、FER和CAR升高均是抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。基于SII、FER和CAR构建列线图模型,该模型判断抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.987,拟合度较高(Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2=1.983,p=0.982),在阈概率0~0.99范围内临床净收益>0,最大净收益值为0.27。结论 基于SII、FER和CAR构建的列线图预测模型对于抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者的预后评估有较高的临床效能。

关键词: 抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5抗体, 炎症指标, 皮肌炎, 间质性肺炎, 预后评估

Abstract:

Objective To establish a nomogram model based on inflammatory indicators to predict the risk of poor prognosis in patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5(MDA5)antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia,and to evaluate its efficacy. Methods A total of 107 patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia in the First People's Hospital of Jiaxing from February 2022 to October 2023 were enrolled. These patients were classified into good prognosis group(76 cases)and poor prognosis group(31 cases)based on the prognosis after 6 months of treatment. The clinical data were collected,and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)and the levels of serum ferritin(FER),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),albumin,as well as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR),systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio(CAR)were performed and determined. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between each indicator and the poor prognosis of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of poor prognosis in patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia. A nomogram model was established. The efficiency of nomogram model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,decision curve,calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Results The ESR,NLR,SII,FER,CRP and CAR in poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group(P<0.001),while there was no statistical significance in MLR and IL-6 between the 2 groups(P>0.05). Anti-MDA5 antibody +++,ESR,NLR,SII,FER,CRP and CAR were all positively correlated with the poor prognosis of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia(P<0.05). SII,FER and CAR were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia(P<0.05). Based on SII,FER and CAR,a nomogram model was established to predict the poor prognosis of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia. The area under curve(AUC)of the nomogram model was 0.987. The fit of the nomogram model was high(Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2=1.983,p=0.982),and the clinical net benefit was >0 within the threshold probability range of 0 to 0.99,with the maximum net benefit value of 0.27. Conclusions The nomogram model established based on SII,FER and CAR has a high clinical efficacy in evaluating the prognosis of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonia.

Key words: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody, Inflammatory indicator, Dermatomyositis, Interstitial pneumonia, Prognosis assessment

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