检验医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 235-240.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.03.006

• 儿童自身免疫性疾病精准诊疗新进展专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

血液免疫学指标在评估自身免疫性脑炎患儿预后中的价值

杨含草, 梁可青, 吴茗, 徐锦()   

  1. 国家儿童医学中心 复旦大学附属儿科医院临床检验中心,上海 201102
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-27 修回日期:2025-01-14 出版日期:2025-03-30 发布日期:2025-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 徐 锦,E-mail:jinxu_125@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨含草,女,1999年生,硕士,检验师,主要从事临床免疫学检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省自然科学基金项目(2308085MH284);复旦大学附属儿科医院青苗计划(EKQM202438)

Immunological indexes in assessing the prognosis of children with autoimmune encephalitis

YANG Hancao, LIANG Keqing, WU Ming, XU Jin()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,the Children's Hospital of Fudan University,the National Children's Medical Center,Shanghai 201102,China
  • Received:2024-07-27 Revised:2025-01-14 Online:2025-03-30 Published:2025-04-10

摘要:

目的 探讨外周血淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白和补体水平在自身免疫性脑炎(AE)患儿预后评估中的价值。方法 选取2015年1月—2024年4月复旦大学附属儿科医院AE患儿52例,检测血清和脑脊液中的自身抗体、淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgM、IgA、总IgE)、补体(C3、C4)和总补体活性(CH50)。根据出院时的改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分将患儿分为预后良好组(29例)和预后不良组(23例)。采用Spearman相关分析评估各项指标与mRS评分的相关性。采用Logistic回归分析评估AE患儿预后不良的危险因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各项指标判断AE预后的效能。结果 与预后良好组比较,预后不良组CH50水平和自然杀伤(NK)细胞百分比、NK细胞绝对数均显著降低(P<0.05);其他指标2个组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。AE患儿血清CH50、NK细胞百分比、NK细胞绝对数与mRS评分均呈负相关(r值分别为-1.313、-0.276、-0.379,P<0.05)。NK细胞绝对数降低是AE患儿预后不良的独立影响因素[比值比(OR)=0.994,95%可信区间(CI)为0.988~0.999]。CH50、NK细胞绝对数单项检测和联合检测判断AE患儿预后不良的曲线下面积分别为0.674、0.738、0.768。结论 血清CH50水平和外周血NK细胞绝对数与儿童AE预后有关,或可作为AE患儿预后评估的指标。

关键词: 淋巴细胞亚群, 自然杀伤细胞, 免疫球蛋白, 补体, 自身免疫性脑炎

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of lymphocyte subsets,immunoglobulins and complements in peripheral blood for children with autoimmune encephalitis (AE). Methods From January 2015 to April 2024,52 children diagnosed with AE at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled. The levels of autoantibodies,lymphocyte subsets,immunoglobulins(IgG,IgM,IgA,total IgE),complements(C3,C4)and 50% complement hemolysis(CH50)in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were determined. According to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge,the children were classified into good prognosis group (29 cases) and poor prognosis group (23 cases). Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between each parameter and mRS score. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for poor prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of each parameter. Results Compared to good prognosis group,the CH50 level,natural killer(NK)cell percentage and NK absolute number of poor prognosis group were decreased (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the other parameters between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Serum CH50 level,NK cell percentage and NK absolute number were negatively correlated with mRS score(r values were -1.313,-0.276 and -0.379,P<0.05). The decreased NK absolute number was an independent factor for poor prognosis in children with AE [odds ratio(OR)=0.994,95% confidence interval(CI)0.988-0.999]. The areas under curves of CH50 and NK absolute number were 0.674,0.738 and 0.768,respectively. Conclusions Serum CH50 level and NK absolute number in peripheral blood are associated to the prognosis of children with AE,and may serve as parameters for the prognosis of children with AE.

Key words: Lymphocyte subset, Natural killer cell, Immunoglobulin, Complement, Autoimmune encephalitis

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