检验医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 144-149.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2026.02.007

• 遗传性疾病精准检测与诊断专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

江苏通州地区11 256例新生儿耳聋基因筛查及临床意义

季雄娟1, 刘小朵2, 蒋海飞3, 陈娟4, 殷赵华5, 陈勇6, 宋蓉蓉6, 李倩2, 马旭2, 孙西斌2, 周卫平2()   

  1. 1.无锡市锡山人民医院检验科江苏 无锡 214000
    2.南通市通州区人民医院检验科江苏 通州 226300
    3.南通市通州区人民医院神经内科江苏 通州 226300
    4.南通市通州区人民医院产科江苏 通州 226300
    5.南通市通州区人民医院门急诊办公室江苏 通州 226300
    6.南通市通州区人民医院科教科江苏 通州 226300
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-30 修回日期:2025-08-16 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 周卫平,E-mail:ntzzwwpp@126.com
  • 作者简介:季雄娟,女,1976年生,学士,副主任技师,主要从事血液学和输血检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    南通市通州区2022年区级民生和社会事业科技计划项目(202209)

Screening of deafness genes in 11 256 newborns in Tongzhou District,Jiangsu Province and its clinical significance

JI Xiongjuan1, LIU Xiaoduo2, JIANG Haifei3, CHEN Juan4, YIN Zhaohua5, CHEN Yong6, SONG Rongrong6, LI Qian2, MA Xu2, SUN Xibin2, ZHOU Weiping2()   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical LaboratoryXishan People's Hospital of Wuxi CityWuxi 214000,Jiangsu, China
    2. Department of Clinical LaboratoryTongzhou People's HospitalNantong 226300,Jiangsu, China
    3. Department of NeurologyTongzhou People's HospitalTongzhou 226300,Jiangsu, China
    4. Department of ObstetricsTongzhou People's HospitalTongzhou 226300,Jiangsu, China
    5. Outpatient and Emergency OfficeTongzhou People's HospitalTongzhou 226300,Jiangsu, China
    6. Department of Science and EducationTongzhou People's HospitalTongzhou 226300,Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2024-09-30 Revised:2025-08-16 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-06

摘要:

目的 探讨江苏通州地区新生儿常见耳聋基因变异分布特点、评估耳聋基因筛查的有效性。方法 选取2018年6月—2022年12月江苏通州地区行耳聋基因筛查的11 256名新生儿。采集所有新生儿足跟血,制备成干血片。采用微阵列芯片检测4个耳聋基因(GJB2、GJB3、SLC26A4、mtDNA12SrRNA)的15个变异位点。对检出变异位点的样本采用Sanger测序验证。对检测出基因变异的新生儿父母亲进行电话随访。结果 在11 256名新生儿中检出变异携带者514例(含双基因变异9例),总变异率为4.57%;其中GJB2基因变异253例(2.23%)、GJB3基因变异27例(0.23%)、SLC26A4基因变异209例(1.86%),mtDNA12SrRNA变异34例(0.30%),各基因变异检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。检出率居前3位的变异位点分别为GJB2基因c.235delC(1.67%)、SLC26A4基因c.IVS7-2A>G(1.45%)和GJB2基因c.299delG(0.39%)。5 711名男婴中检出变异携带者261例(4.57%),5 545名女婴中检出变异携带者253例(4.56%)。随访发现有2例基因变异新生儿出现听力缺失,变异位点分别为GJB2基因c.235delC纯合变异和SLC26A4基因c.IVS7-2A>G、c.1226G>A复合杂合变异。结论 江苏通州地区新生儿耳聋基因常见的变异类型为SLC26A4基因c.IVS7-2A>G、GJB2基因c.235deC和GJB2基因c.299delG。开展耳聋易感基因筛查有助于提高新生儿听力障碍的检出率。

关键词: 耳聋基因, 微阵列芯片, 基因测序, 听力障碍

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of common genetic variations of deafness in newborns in Tongzhou District of Jiangsu Province,and to evaluate the effectiveness of deafness gene screening. Methods A total of 11 256 newborns who underwent deafness gene screening in Tongzhou District of Jiangsu Province from June 2018 to December 2022 were enrolled. All the newborns' heel blood was collected and prepared into dried blood spots. The 15 variation sites of 4 deafness genes(GJB2,GJB3,SLC26A4,mtDNA12SrRNA) were determined using microarray chips. The samples with determined variation sites were verified by Sanger sequencing. The parents of newborns with determined genetic variations were followed up by phone. Results Among the 11 256 newborns,514 cases were determined as carriers of genetic variations(including 9 cases of double gene variations),with a total variation rate of 4.57%. Among them,253 cases had GJB2 gene variations(2.25%),27 cases had GJB3 gene variations(0.23%),209 cases had SLC26A4 gene variations(1.86%),and 34 cases had mtDNA 12SrRNA variations(0.30%)(P<0.001). The top 3 variation sites determined were GJB2 gene c.235delC(1.67%),SLC26A4 gene c.IVS7-2A>G(1.45%) and GJB2 gene c.299delG(0.39%). There were 261 cases of male newborns(261/5 711,4.57%) and 253 cases of female newborns(253/5 545,4.56%) as carriers of genetic variations. Among the follow-up patients of the genetic variation newborns,2 cases had hearing loss(GJB2 gene c.235delC homozygous variation and SLC26A4 gene c.IVS7-2A>G+c.1226G>A heterozygous variation). Conclusions The common types of deafness genes in newborns in Tongzhou District of Jiangsu Province are SLC26A4 gene c.IVS7-2A>G,GJB2 gene c.235delC and GJB2 gene c.299delG. Conducting deafness susceptibility gene screening can help improve the determination rate of hearing impairment in newborns.

Key words: Deafness gene, Microarray chip, Gene sequencing, Hearing impairment

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